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R. L. Sahu et al.
the removal of turbidity, organics, and bacteria at RBF site at Haridwar alongside
the Ganga River [4]. RBF technique was reported as an effective method for attenuating pollutants like turbidity and bacteria present in surface water of four rivers
of Uttarakhand [5]. River bed material plays a vital role in the treatment of river
water during RBF. Potential RBF sites like Badamadhapur and Kuchinda present in
Odisha were analyzed, and it was seen that RBF technique was helpful in enhancing
the surface water quality parameters making it suitable for drinking purposes [6].
Riverbank filtration has been extensively studied across the world, but very limited
research has been done on River bed filtration in Odisha. As the Belgaon site was near
to our University and easily accessible, hence in the present study, the effectiveness
of River bed filtration in Odisha was evaluated in removing pollutants from surface
water.
2 Study Area and Methodology
2.1 Study Area and Hydrology
Out of 29 states in India, Odisha is situated in the eastern part; it extends from 17.31° N
latitude to 22.31° N latitude and from 81.31° E longitudes to 87.29° E longitude.
The state’s six major rivers are Subarnarekha, Budhabalanga, Baitarani, Mahanadi,
Brahmani, and Rusikulya. Odisha generally has sub-humid climatic conditions, and
precipitation is approximately 1491 mm and gets approximately 75–80% of rainfall
during June to September.
3 Site Selection
River Tel with water supply scheme at Belgaon, Balangir District, was selected for
the study.
Belgaon is situated at outskirts of Balangir district, Odisha 50 km away from
Balangir headquarter. It is situated in the western part of Odisha. Its latitude is
20° 19
08.8
N and longitude is 83° 18
57.5
E, and is located near River Tel.
Figure 1a shows sampling locations at river bank filtration site. The production well
(Fig. 1b) is situated on the river bank (within 2 m from River Tel) which is getting
water through the laterals connected to it. Water from the river is entering into the
laterals after passing through the river bed. The depth of production well below bed
level is 20 m, and its diameter is 2 m. It originates from the plains in Koraput district.
Discharge at the production well was around 0.2 m
3 /min. In the present study, the
water samples were collected directly from Tel river as well as from production well
(river bed filtrated water), and tube wells (groundwater) near the river. Collected
R. L. Sahu et al.
the removal of turbidity, organics, and bacteria at RBF site at Haridwar alongside
the Ganga River [4]. RBF technique was reported as an effective method for attenuating pollutants like turbidity and bacteria present in surface water of four rivers
of Uttarakhand [5]. River bed material plays a vital role in the treatment of river
water during RBF. Potential RBF sites like Badamadhapur and Kuchinda present in
Odisha were analyzed, and it was seen that RBF technique was helpful in enhancing
the surface water quality parameters making it suitable for drinking purposes [6].
Riverbank filtration has been extensively studied across the world, but very limited
research has been done on River bed filtration in Odisha. As the Belgaon site was near
to our University and easily accessible, hence in the present study, the effectiveness
of River bed filtration in Odisha was evaluated in removing pollutants from surface
water.
2 Study Area and Methodology
2.1 Study Area and Hydrology
Out of 29 states in India, Odisha is situated in the eastern part; it extends from 17.31° N
latitude to 22.31° N latitude and from 81.31° E longitudes to 87.29° E longitude.
The state’s six major rivers are Subarnarekha, Budhabalanga, Baitarani, Mahanadi,
Brahmani, and Rusikulya. Odisha generally has sub-humid climatic conditions, and
precipitation is approximately 1491 mm and gets approximately 75–80% of rainfall
during June to September.
3 Site Selection
River Tel with water supply scheme at Belgaon, Balangir District, was selected for
the study.
Belgaon is situated at outskirts of Balangir district, Odisha 50 km away from
Balangir headquarter. It is situated in the western part of Odisha. Its latitude is
20° 19
08.8
N and longitude is 83° 18
57.5
E, and is located near River Tel.
Figure 1a shows sampling locations at river bank filtration site. The production well
(Fig. 1b) is situated on the river bank (within 2 m from River Tel) which is getting
water through the laterals connected to it. Water from the river is entering into the
laterals after passing through the river bed. The depth of production well below bed
level is 20 m, and its diameter is 2 m. It originates from the plains in Koraput district.
Discharge at the production well was around 0.2 m
3 /min. In the present study, the
water samples were collected directly from Tel river as well as from production well
(river bed filtrated water), and tube wells (groundwater) near the river. Collected