Control of Sediment Entry into Intake
Canals Using Submerged Vanes
with Collar
Sruthi Thazhathe Kalathil, Muralidharan Rethinam Murugesan,
and Venu Chandra
Abstract Intake canals transport water and sediments from main rivers to power
plants, irrigation fields, and for various other purposes. Increased sediment load in the
intake canal leads to reduction in the quality and quantity of water. Submerged vanes
are installed at the entrance of intake canals to counteract the secondary circulation
and reduce the sediment entry into the intake canals. In the present study, collars
have been introduced to submerged vanes to test its performance in the reduction
of both sediment entry and local scour around vanes. The vane angles tested are
15°, 35°, 40° and 45°. The ratio of vane spacing to vane height is 5 and the two
collar diameters considered are three and four times the vane height, respectively.
It is found that 40° is the optimum vane angle for maximum reduction in sediment
entry into the intake canal of 85.36%. Collars reduced the local scour and sediment
entry (%) by a maximum of 69.08% and 24.84%, respectively, for a 15° vane angle.
However, introduction of collar reduced the performance for vane angles 35°, 40°,
and 45° in controlling sediment entry into the intake canal.
Keywords Sedimentation · Secondary currents · Vane angle · Local scour · River
training
1 Introduction
Sediment transport is a hydraulic phenomenon that has emerged as a significant
problem in river-intake canals. River flow, which enters into an intake canal, carries
a lot of sediment along with it due to centrifugal action at river-intake junction [1]. The
transport of sediment can be in the form of suspended and bed loads. The movement
of the sediments through the river-intake structures is a major challenge for the
S. T. Kalathil · V. Chandra (B)
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
e-mail: vc@iitm.ac.in
M. R. Murugesan
TANGEDCO Ltd., Uppur, Ramanathapuram 623525, India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
C. Bhuiyan et al. (eds.), Water Security and Sustainability,
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 115,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9805-0_17
209
Canals Using Submerged Vanes
with Collar
Sruthi Thazhathe Kalathil, Muralidharan Rethinam Murugesan,
and Venu Chandra
Abstract Intake canals transport water and sediments from main rivers to power
plants, irrigation fields, and for various other purposes. Increased sediment load in the
intake canal leads to reduction in the quality and quantity of water. Submerged vanes
are installed at the entrance of intake canals to counteract the secondary circulation
and reduce the sediment entry into the intake canals. In the present study, collars
have been introduced to submerged vanes to test its performance in the reduction
of both sediment entry and local scour around vanes. The vane angles tested are
15°, 35°, 40° and 45°. The ratio of vane spacing to vane height is 5 and the two
collar diameters considered are three and four times the vane height, respectively.
It is found that 40° is the optimum vane angle for maximum reduction in sediment
entry into the intake canal of 85.36%. Collars reduced the local scour and sediment
entry (%) by a maximum of 69.08% and 24.84%, respectively, for a 15° vane angle.
However, introduction of collar reduced the performance for vane angles 35°, 40°,
and 45° in controlling sediment entry into the intake canal.
Keywords Sedimentation · Secondary currents · Vane angle · Local scour · River
training
1 Introduction
Sediment transport is a hydraulic phenomenon that has emerged as a significant
problem in river-intake canals. River flow, which enters into an intake canal, carries
a lot of sediment along with it due to centrifugal action at river-intake junction [1]. The
transport of sediment can be in the form of suspended and bed loads. The movement
of the sediments through the river-intake structures is a major challenge for the
S. T. Kalathil · V. Chandra (B)
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
e-mail: vc@iitm.ac.in
M. R. Murugesan
TANGEDCO Ltd., Uppur, Ramanathapuram 623525, India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
C. Bhuiyan et al. (eds.), Water Security and Sustainability,
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 115,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9805-0_17
209