Simulation of Runoff for Subarnarekha
Catchment Using SWAT Model
R. Murmu and S. Murmu
Abstract This paper is based on Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) which
is a hydrological model that integrates the Geographic Information System (GIS)
with the attribute database to simulate runoff. SWAT Model is basically executed in
association with ArcGIS as ArcSWAT. The study area taken is Subarnarekha River
which flows through the eastern part of India over the states of Jharkhand, West
Bengal, and Odisha. In this paper, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been used
for delineating the catchment area. Remote sensing data has been used as input in
ArcSWAT for delineation of catchment area determination of drainage pattern, land
use/land cover, slope, etc. To develop landuse/landcover map the satellite imagery
from Landsat 8 was acquired and the soil map for the study area was obtained from
Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD) Raster world soil map. Hydrological
Response Unit (HRU) analysis was performed which resulted in 25 subbasins and
194 HRUs. Then by using 11 years of daily rainfall data, SWAT simulation has been
performed to estimate the monthly and yearly runoff for their respective rainfall. The
annual rainfall-runoff of the Subarnarekha River from 2005 to 2015 has been plotted
and found the maximum rainfall of 1811.62 mm and runoff of 595.65 mm is in the
year 2007. The reliable accuracy of the model has been checked with the assessment
of the model performance as with the rainfall-runoff correlation coefficient which
was found to be 0.971.
Keywords Hydrologic modelling · SWAT · Rainfall · Runoff
1 Introduction
Runoff received by a stream from its catchment area is a crucial water resources
planning and management. The runoff from catchments of rivers may be determined
either by direct measurement of discharge through rivers or it may be estimated in an
R. Murmu · S. Murmu (B)
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology,
Shibpur, Howrah 711103, WB, India
e-mail: sneha@civil.iiests.ac.in
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
C. Bhuiyan et al. (eds.), Water Security and Sustainability,
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 115,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9805-0_13
157
Catchment Using SWAT Model
R. Murmu and S. Murmu
Abstract This paper is based on Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) which
is a hydrological model that integrates the Geographic Information System (GIS)
with the attribute database to simulate runoff. SWAT Model is basically executed in
association with ArcGIS as ArcSWAT. The study area taken is Subarnarekha River
which flows through the eastern part of India over the states of Jharkhand, West
Bengal, and Odisha. In this paper, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been used
for delineating the catchment area. Remote sensing data has been used as input in
ArcSWAT for delineation of catchment area determination of drainage pattern, land
use/land cover, slope, etc. To develop landuse/landcover map the satellite imagery
from Landsat 8 was acquired and the soil map for the study area was obtained from
Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD) Raster world soil map. Hydrological
Response Unit (HRU) analysis was performed which resulted in 25 subbasins and
194 HRUs. Then by using 11 years of daily rainfall data, SWAT simulation has been
performed to estimate the monthly and yearly runoff for their respective rainfall. The
annual rainfall-runoff of the Subarnarekha River from 2005 to 2015 has been plotted
and found the maximum rainfall of 1811.62 mm and runoff of 595.65 mm is in the
year 2007. The reliable accuracy of the model has been checked with the assessment
of the model performance as with the rainfall-runoff correlation coefficient which
was found to be 0.971.
Keywords Hydrologic modelling · SWAT · Rainfall · Runoff
1 Introduction
Runoff received by a stream from its catchment area is a crucial water resources
planning and management. The runoff from catchments of rivers may be determined
either by direct measurement of discharge through rivers or it may be estimated in an
R. Murmu · S. Murmu (B)
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology,
Shibpur, Howrah 711103, WB, India
e-mail: sneha@civil.iiests.ac.in
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
C. Bhuiyan et al. (eds.), Water Security and Sustainability,
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 115,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9805-0_13
157