Water Pipeline Routing Using GIS
Varun Jain, Ramneek Singh Bhamra, Maitreya Mishra, and Rajiv Gupta
Abstract Pipeline route selection problem through an area is one of the oldest spatial
challenges because of various influencing factors such as topography, geographic,
geophysical, earth’s surrounding and anthropological. It is a demanding issue which
requires advanced scientific approaches to determine the shortest, most direct and
cost-efficient route. This study identifies and evaluate various factors (elevation,
slope, land use, rail and road network, water areas, etc.) influencing the pipeline
route selection and develop a Geographical Information System (GIS)-based model
to find the optimal pipeline route from Hanumangarh District to Jhunjhunu District
using least cost approach. The proposed methodology involves calculation and unsupervised classification of the Euclidian distance for all factors. Classified rasters are
then further reclassified and weights for different factors are provided using weighted
overlay method to combine all the raster into a single raster image. Finally, the least
cost path of the pipeline is determined using least cost tool of ArcGIS software. This
research results provide a time-saving and efficient least cost path and proves the
suitability of using ArcGIS in planning an optimal pipeline route.
Keywords Pipeline · ArcGIS · Route selection · Least cost path
1 Introduction
The water emergency in Rajasthan is one of the key issues that have impeded the
growth of a state. The expansion and over-population have formed heavy stress
on water assets in the country, especially in Rajasthan which is the worst affected
state in terms of drought due to natural condition along with man-made calamities.
Rajasthan’s water crisis is so deep that if it is not dealt in comprehensive manner, it
is very likely that government will not be able to meet day today’s requirement of
people. To, curb this menace, Indira Gandhi Canal Project was introduced in (IGCP)
in the mid-1980s that traverses seven districts of Rajasthan: Barmer, Bikaner, Churu,
V. Jain · R. S. Bhamra · M. Mishra · R. Gupta (B)
Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Civil Engineering, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
e-mail: rajiv@pilani.bits-pilani.ac.in
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
C. Bhuiyan et al. (eds.), Water Security and Sustainability,
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 115,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9805-0_10
101
Varun Jain, Ramneek Singh Bhamra, Maitreya Mishra, and Rajiv Gupta
Abstract Pipeline route selection problem through an area is one of the oldest spatial
challenges because of various influencing factors such as topography, geographic,
geophysical, earth’s surrounding and anthropological. It is a demanding issue which
requires advanced scientific approaches to determine the shortest, most direct and
cost-efficient route. This study identifies and evaluate various factors (elevation,
slope, land use, rail and road network, water areas, etc.) influencing the pipeline
route selection and develop a Geographical Information System (GIS)-based model
to find the optimal pipeline route from Hanumangarh District to Jhunjhunu District
using least cost approach. The proposed methodology involves calculation and unsupervised classification of the Euclidian distance for all factors. Classified rasters are
then further reclassified and weights for different factors are provided using weighted
overlay method to combine all the raster into a single raster image. Finally, the least
cost path of the pipeline is determined using least cost tool of ArcGIS software. This
research results provide a time-saving and efficient least cost path and proves the
suitability of using ArcGIS in planning an optimal pipeline route.
Keywords Pipeline · ArcGIS · Route selection · Least cost path
1 Introduction
The water emergency in Rajasthan is one of the key issues that have impeded the
growth of a state. The expansion and over-population have formed heavy stress
on water assets in the country, especially in Rajasthan which is the worst affected
state in terms of drought due to natural condition along with man-made calamities.
Rajasthan’s water crisis is so deep that if it is not dealt in comprehensive manner, it
is very likely that government will not be able to meet day today’s requirement of
people. To, curb this menace, Indira Gandhi Canal Project was introduced in (IGCP)
in the mid-1980s that traverses seven districts of Rajasthan: Barmer, Bikaner, Churu,
V. Jain · R. S. Bhamra · M. Mishra · R. Gupta (B)
Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Civil Engineering, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
e-mail: rajiv@pilani.bits-pilani.ac.in
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
C. Bhuiyan et al. (eds.), Water Security and Sustainability,
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 115,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9805-0_10
101