188
K. Mukherjee et al.
1540
1545
1550
1555
1560
1565
1570
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Wavelength(nm)
Power(a.u.)
Power spectrum of Input and output
Input A=u2
Input B=u2
Output=u2
d
Fig. 7 (continued)
ON−OFF ratio [12] is equal to the ratio of maximum output of the transmitted
port 1 to the minimum output of the reflected port 2 and it is found to be 11.34 dB.
The variation of ‘On–Off’ ratio with control pulse energy at different maximum gains
(15 dB, and 20 dB) is shown in Fig. 9 and it is decreases with increases control pulse
energy.
The effect of ASE noise is added to TOAD-based switch and it is [11] P ase =
N sp (G 0 − 1) (hc/λ) × B 0 , where h is the Planck’s constant, λ is the wave length,
B 0 is the bandwidth, c is the velocity of light, G 0 is the unsaturated gain and N sp
is ASE factor. Figure 10 depicts dependence of on–off ratio with ASE noise factor
for different gains and it is almost constant with increase the amplified spontaneous
noise factor.
8 Conclusions
We have successfully designed and analyzed the frequency-encoded XOR gate, half
adder, and half Subtractor. We also included the effect of ASE noise power in the
TOAD-based switch. These designs will be extended to implement more complex
devices like full adder and full subtractor in the future. This is the first time TOAD
is utilized to design half adder and subtractor in frequency-encoded format.
K. Mukherjee et al.
1540
1545
1550
1555
1560
1565
1570
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Wavelength(nm)
Power(a.u.)
Power spectrum of Input and output
Input A=u2
Input B=u2
Output=u2
d
Fig. 7 (continued)
ON−OFF ratio [12] is equal to the ratio of maximum output of the transmitted
port 1 to the minimum output of the reflected port 2 and it is found to be 11.34 dB.
The variation of ‘On–Off’ ratio with control pulse energy at different maximum gains
(15 dB, and 20 dB) is shown in Fig. 9 and it is decreases with increases control pulse
energy.
The effect of ASE noise is added to TOAD-based switch and it is [11] P ase =
N sp (G 0 − 1) (hc/λ) × B 0 , where h is the Planck’s constant, λ is the wave length,
B 0 is the bandwidth, c is the velocity of light, G 0 is the unsaturated gain and N sp
is ASE factor. Figure 10 depicts dependence of on–off ratio with ASE noise factor
for different gains and it is almost constant with increase the amplified spontaneous
noise factor.
8 Conclusions
We have successfully designed and analyzed the frequency-encoded XOR gate, half
adder, and half Subtractor. We also included the effect of ASE noise power in the
TOAD-based switch. These designs will be extended to implement more complex
devices like full adder and full subtractor in the future. This is the first time TOAD
is utilized to design half adder and subtractor in frequency-encoded format.