80
various intermediates and final products. Although the biochemical conversion is
much slower than thermochemical conversion, it is the most suitable and economical option for treating wet waste since not much external energy is required. There
are two different approaches for the biochemical conversion processes to fuel gases
(anaerobic digestion, dark fermentation), but the process parameters are those which
decide the biochemical conversion pathway and implicitly the metabolism products; nevertheless, for a better recovery of the organic matter, the two processes can
be integrated in the same project.
During the last decade, important advances have been made in the research of
enzymatically catalysed bioconversion processes for the production of biomethane
and biohydrogen so that currently these technologies are already commercial.
However, there are still many aspects to be further investigated in more detail such
as biomass pretreatment, biochemical process stability and microbial metabolism
knowledge, optimal process parameters, shortening of fermentation time, gas purification, by-product reuse options, etc., so as to increase the organic fraction recovery to valuable products and make the investment more feasible.
References
1. Kapoor R, Ghosh P, Kumar M, Kumar Vijay V (2019) Evaluation of biogas upgrading technologies and future perspectives: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26:11631–11661
2. World Energy Council (2019) World energy scenarios, exploring innovation pathways to
2040. https://www.worldenergy.org/assets/downloads/Scenarios_Report_FINAL_for_website.pdf. Accessed 8 Jan 2020
3. Casoni AI, Gutierrez VS, Volpe MA, Hoch PM (2018) Synthesis of value added product
processes from residual biomass. Comput Aided Chem En 44:397–402
4. Pfau S (2015) Residual biomass: a silver bullet to ensure a sustainable bioeconomy? In: The
European Conference on Sustainability, Energy & the Environment, Conference Proceedings.
The International Academic Forum, Nagoya, pp 295–312
5. Krishnan S, Din MF, Mat Taib S, Ling YE, Aminuddin E, Chelliapan S, Mishra P, Rana S,
Nasrullah M, Sakinah M, Wahid ZA, Singh L (2018) Utilization of micro–algal biomass
residues (MABRS) for bio–hythane production—a perspective. J Appl Biotechnol Bioeng
5(3):162–165
6. Pal P, Chew KW, Yen HW, Lim JW, Lam MK, Show PL (2019) Cultivation of oily microalgae
for the production of third-generation biofuels. Sustainability 11:5424–5440
7. Saad MG, Dosoky NS, Zoromba MS, Shafik HM (2019) Algal biofuels: current status and
key challenges. Energies 12(10):1920. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12101920
8. Aiguo GW, Danielle A, Hua S (2017) Catalytic biomass valorization. In:
Tumuluru JS (ed) Biomass volume estimation and valorization for energy, vol
42.
IntechOpen,
London,
pp 493–660.
https://www.intechopen.com/books/
biomass- volume- estimation- and- valorization- for- energy/catalytic- biomass- valorization
9. Wang W, Wang S, Ma X, Gong J (2011) Recent advances in catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide. Chem Soc Rev 40:3703–3727
10. Lee SY, Sankaran R, Chew KW, Tan CH, Krishnamoorthy R, Chu DT (2019) Waste to
bioenergy: a review on the recent conversion technologies. BMC Energy 1:4. https://doi.
org/10.1186/s42500- 019- 0004- 7
C. Mateescu and A.-D. Dima
various intermediates and final products. Although the biochemical conversion is
much slower than thermochemical conversion, it is the most suitable and economical option for treating wet waste since not much external energy is required. There
are two different approaches for the biochemical conversion processes to fuel gases
(anaerobic digestion, dark fermentation), but the process parameters are those which
decide the biochemical conversion pathway and implicitly the metabolism products; nevertheless, for a better recovery of the organic matter, the two processes can
be integrated in the same project.
During the last decade, important advances have been made in the research of
enzymatically catalysed bioconversion processes for the production of biomethane
and biohydrogen so that currently these technologies are already commercial.
However, there are still many aspects to be further investigated in more detail such
as biomass pretreatment, biochemical process stability and microbial metabolism
knowledge, optimal process parameters, shortening of fermentation time, gas purification, by-product reuse options, etc., so as to increase the organic fraction recovery to valuable products and make the investment more feasible.
References
1. Kapoor R, Ghosh P, Kumar M, Kumar Vijay V (2019) Evaluation of biogas upgrading technologies and future perspectives: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26:11631–11661
2. World Energy Council (2019) World energy scenarios, exploring innovation pathways to
2040. https://www.worldenergy.org/assets/downloads/Scenarios_Report_FINAL_for_website.pdf. Accessed 8 Jan 2020
3. Casoni AI, Gutierrez VS, Volpe MA, Hoch PM (2018) Synthesis of value added product
processes from residual biomass. Comput Aided Chem En 44:397–402
4. Pfau S (2015) Residual biomass: a silver bullet to ensure a sustainable bioeconomy? In: The
European Conference on Sustainability, Energy & the Environment, Conference Proceedings.
The International Academic Forum, Nagoya, pp 295–312
5. Krishnan S, Din MF, Mat Taib S, Ling YE, Aminuddin E, Chelliapan S, Mishra P, Rana S,
Nasrullah M, Sakinah M, Wahid ZA, Singh L (2018) Utilization of micro–algal biomass
residues (MABRS) for bio–hythane production—a perspective. J Appl Biotechnol Bioeng
5(3):162–165
6. Pal P, Chew KW, Yen HW, Lim JW, Lam MK, Show PL (2019) Cultivation of oily microalgae
for the production of third-generation biofuels. Sustainability 11:5424–5440
7. Saad MG, Dosoky NS, Zoromba MS, Shafik HM (2019) Algal biofuels: current status and
key challenges. Energies 12(10):1920. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12101920
8. Aiguo GW, Danielle A, Hua S (2017) Catalytic biomass valorization. In:
Tumuluru JS (ed) Biomass volume estimation and valorization for energy, vol
42.
IntechOpen,
London,
pp 493–660.
https://www.intechopen.com/books/
biomass- volume- estimation- and- valorization- for- energy/catalytic- biomass- valorization
9. Wang W, Wang S, Ma X, Gong J (2011) Recent advances in catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide. Chem Soc Rev 40:3703–3727
10. Lee SY, Sankaran R, Chew KW, Tan CH, Krishnamoorthy R, Chu DT (2019) Waste to
bioenergy: a review on the recent conversion technologies. BMC Energy 1:4. https://doi.
org/10.1186/s42500- 019- 0004- 7
C. Mateescu and A.-D. Dima