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© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
K. K. Pant et al. (eds.), Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental
Sustainability, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65017-9_22
A Sustainable Process for the Synthesis
of Alkylpyrazines by Dehydrocyclization
of Crude Glycerol and Ethylenediamine
over Metal Chromite Catalysts
Reema Sarkari, Vankudoth Krishna, Chatla Anjaneyulu,
Velisoju Vijay Kumar, Enumula Siva Sankar, Gutta Naresh,
and Akula Venugopal
Abstract Dehydrocyclization of ethylenediamine and crude glycerol was examined over ZnO-doped Cr 2 O 3 catalyst. The 10 wt%-loaded Zn/Cr 2 O 3 catalyst demonstrated a maximum rate of 2-methylpyrazine (2MP) production under the optimized
reaction conditions. The prepared catalysts were investigated by various techniques
such as PXRD, UV-DRS, XPS, FT-IR, and Raman spectroscopic analyses.
Moreover, a correlation between Zn (wt%) loadings and the 2MP rate was
established.
Keywords Alkylpyrazines · Dehydrocyclization · Glycerol · Ethylenediamine ·
Chromite catalysts
1 Introduction
1.1 Synthesis of 2-Methylpyrazine Over the ZnCr 2 O 4 Catalysts
In recent decades, R&D has been focused on alternative fuels, specifically the production of biodiesel from inedible oils and renewable resources. Among various
biofuels, many challenges were posed to technologists from the economic and environmental point of view on biodiesel production as a large amount of crude glycerol
was found, which became a more significant concern for commercialization.
Recovery and safe disposal of biodiesel coproducts such as glycerol have become
an important issue in order to minimize the overall cost of biodiesel production.
R. Sarkari · V. Krishna · C. Anjaneyulu · V. V. Kumar · E. S. Sankar · G. Naresh
A. Venugopal (*)
Catalysis and Fine Chemicals Department, CSIR – Indian Institute of Chemical Technology,
Hyderabad, Telangana, India
e-mail: akula.iict@gov.in; akula@iict.res.in
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
K. K. Pant et al. (eds.), Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental
Sustainability, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65017-9_22
A Sustainable Process for the Synthesis
of Alkylpyrazines by Dehydrocyclization
of Crude Glycerol and Ethylenediamine
over Metal Chromite Catalysts
Reema Sarkari, Vankudoth Krishna, Chatla Anjaneyulu,
Velisoju Vijay Kumar, Enumula Siva Sankar, Gutta Naresh,
and Akula Venugopal
Abstract Dehydrocyclization of ethylenediamine and crude glycerol was examined over ZnO-doped Cr 2 O 3 catalyst. The 10 wt%-loaded Zn/Cr 2 O 3 catalyst demonstrated a maximum rate of 2-methylpyrazine (2MP) production under the optimized
reaction conditions. The prepared catalysts were investigated by various techniques
such as PXRD, UV-DRS, XPS, FT-IR, and Raman spectroscopic analyses.
Moreover, a correlation between Zn (wt%) loadings and the 2MP rate was
established.
Keywords Alkylpyrazines · Dehydrocyclization · Glycerol · Ethylenediamine ·
Chromite catalysts
1 Introduction
1.1 Synthesis of 2-Methylpyrazine Over the ZnCr 2 O 4 Catalysts
In recent decades, R&D has been focused on alternative fuels, specifically the production of biodiesel from inedible oils and renewable resources. Among various
biofuels, many challenges were posed to technologists from the economic and environmental point of view on biodiesel production as a large amount of crude glycerol
was found, which became a more significant concern for commercialization.
Recovery and safe disposal of biodiesel coproducts such as glycerol have become
an important issue in order to minimize the overall cost of biodiesel production.
R. Sarkari · V. Krishna · C. Anjaneyulu · V. V. Kumar · E. S. Sankar · G. Naresh
A. Venugopal (*)
Catalysis and Fine Chemicals Department, CSIR – Indian Institute of Chemical Technology,
Hyderabad, Telangana, India
e-mail: akula.iict@gov.in; akula@iict.res.in