deMenocal, P., et al. (2000). Coherent high- and low-latitude climate
variability during the holocene warm period, Science, 288(5474),
2198–2202.
Emile-Geay, J., Cobb, K. M., Carre, M., Braconnot, P., Leloup, J.,
Zhou, Y., Harrison, S. P., Correge, T., McGregor, H. V., Collins,
M., Driscoll, R., Elliot, M., Schneider, B., & Tudhope, A. (2016).
Links between tropical Pacific seasonal, interannual and orbital
variability during the Holocene. Nature Geoscience, 9, 168-+.
Garnier, E. (2009). Les Dérangements du temps: 500 ans de chaud et
de froid en Europe. Paris: Plon.
Gasse, F. (2000). Hydrological changes in the African tropics since the
last glacial maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews, 19(1–5), 189–
211.
IPCC. (2007). Climate change 2007: The physical science basis.
contribution of working group I to the fourth assessment report of
the intergovernmental panel on climate change. In: S. Solomon, D.
Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor &
H.L. Miller (Eds.), Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York,
NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, 996pp.
IPCC. (2013). Climate change 2013: The physical science basis.
contribution of working group I to the fifth assessment report of the
intergovernmental panel on climate change. In: T. F. Stocker, D. Qin,
G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia,
V. Bex, & P. M. Midgley (Eds.), Cambridge, United Kingdom and
New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, 1535pp.
Jansen, E., et al. (2007). Palaeoclimate, dans Solomon, In S. et al.,
(Ed.), Climate change 2007: The physical science basis. contribution of working group I to the fourth assessment report of the
intergovernmental panel on climate change, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jézéquel, A., Dépoues, V., Guillemot, H., Trolliet, M., Vanderlinden,
J.-P., & Yiou, P. (2018). Behind the veil of extreme event
attribution, Climatic Change. https://doi-org.insu.bib.cnrs.fr/10.
1007/s10584-018-2252-9.
Jolly, D., et al. (1998). Biome reconstruction from pollen and plant
macrofossil data for Africa and the Arabian Peninsula at 0 and 6000
Years. Journal of Biogeography, 25(6), 1007–1027.
Jones, P., & Mann, M. (2004). Climate over past millennia, Reviews of
Geophysics, 42(2).
Joussaume, S. & Taylor, K. E. (1995). Status of the paleoclimate
modeling intercomparison project, dans. In Proceedings of the first
international AMIP scientific conference, WCRP-92, Monterey,
USA, pp. 425–430.
Joussaume, S., et al. (1999). Monsoon changes for 6000 years ago:
Results of 18 simulations from the paleoclimate modeling intercomparison project (PMIP). Geophysical Reseach Letters, 26(7),
859–862.
Kageyama, M., et al. (1999). Weather regimes in past climate
atmospheric general circulation model simulations. Climate Dynamics, 15(10), 773–793.
Krinner, G., et al. (2005). A dynamic global vegetation model for
studies of the coupled atmosphere-biosphere system, Global
Biogeochemical Cycles, 19(1).
Kropelin, S., & Kuper, R. (2006). Climate-controlled holocene
occupation in the Sahara: Motor of Africa’s evolution. Science,
313(5788), 803–807.
Kutzbach, J. E. (1988). Climatic changes of the last 18,000 years—
observations and model simulations, Science, 241(4869), 1043–1052.
Le Roy Ladurie, E. (1967). Histoire du climat depuis l’an mil (p. 381).
Paris: Flammarion.
Liu, Z., et al. (2007). Simulating the Transient Evolution and Abrupt
Change of Northern Africa Atmosphere-Ocean-Terrestrial
Ecosystem in the Holocene, Quaternary Science Reviews, 26(13–
14), 1818–1837.
Luan, Y., Braconnot, P., Yu, Y., Zheng, W., & Marti, O. (2012). Early
and mid-Holocene climate in the tropical Pacific: Seasonal cycle
and interannual variability induced by insolation changes. Climate
of the Past, 8, 1093–1108.
Mann, M., Bradley, R., & Hughes, M. (1998). Global-scale temperature
patterns and climate forcing over the past six centuries. Nature, 392,
779–787.
Mann, M., et al. (2005). Volcanic and solar forcing of the tropical pacific
over the past 1000 years. Journal of Climate, 18(3), 447–456.
Massey, N., Jones, R., Otto, F. E. L., Aina, T., Wilson, S., Murphy,
J. M., et al. (2015). Weather@home—development and validation
of a very large ensemble modelling system for probabilistic event
attribution. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society,
141(690), 1528–1545. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2455.
National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine. (2016). éd.
Attribution of extreme weather events in the context of climate
change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://
doi.org/10.17226/21852.
Philander, S. G. H. (Ed.). (1990). El Niño, La Niña, and the Southern
Oscillation (p. 312). San Diego: Academic Press.
Prentice, I. C., & Webb, T. (1998). BIOME 6000: Reconstructing
Global Mid-Holocene Vegetation Patterns from Palaeoecological
Records, Journal of Biogeography, 25(6), 997–1005.
Renssen, H., et al. (2005). Simulating the holocene climate evolution at
northern high latitudes using a coupled atmosphere-sea
ice-ocean-vegetation model. Climate Dynamics, 24(1), 23–43.
Robock, A. (2000). Volcanic eruptions and climate. Reviews of
Geophysics, 38(2), 191–219.
Ruddiman, W. (2007). The early anthropogenic hypothesis: challenges
and responses, Reviews Of Geophysics, 45(3).
Shindell, D., et al. (2001). Solar forcing of regional climate change
during the maunder minimum, Science, 294(5549), 2149–2152.
Solomon, S., et al. (Eds.). (2007). Climate change 2007: The physical
science basis: Contribution of working group I to the fourth
assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate
change (p. 996). Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University
Press.
Stott, P. A., Christidis, N., Otto, F. E. Sun, Y., Vanderlinden, J.-P., van
Oldenborgh, G. J., et al. (2016). Attribution of extreme weather and
climate-related events, Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews, Climate
Change, 7(1), 23–41, https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.380.
Taylor, K. E., et al. (2007). Estimating shortwave radiative forcing and
response in climate models. Journal of Climate, 20(11), 2530–2543.
Texier, D., et al. (2000). Sensitivity of the African and Asian monsoons
to mid-holocene insolation and data-inferred surface changes.
Journal of Climate, 13(1), 164–181.
von Storch, H., & Zwiers, F. W. (2001). Statistical Analysis in Climate
Research. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wohlfahrt, J., et al. (2004). Synergistic feedbacks between ocean and
vegetation on mid- and high-latitude climates during the
mid-holocene. Climate Dynamics, 22(2–3), 223–238.
Zhao, Y., et al. (2005). A multi-model analysis of the role of the ocean
on the African and Indian monsoon during the mid-holocene.
Climate Dynamics, 25(7–8), 777–800.
Zhao, Y., et al. (2007). Simulated changes in the relationship between
tropical ocean temperatures and the western african monsoon during
the mid-holocene. Climate Dynamics, 28(5), 533–551.
Zheng, W., et al. (2008). ENSO at 6 Ka and 21 Ka from
ocean-atmosphere coupled model simulations. Climate Dynamics,
30(7–8), 745–762.
442
P. Braconnot and P. Yiou
variability during the holocene warm period, Science, 288(5474),
2198–2202.
Emile-Geay, J., Cobb, K. M., Carre, M., Braconnot, P., Leloup, J.,
Zhou, Y., Harrison, S. P., Correge, T., McGregor, H. V., Collins,
M., Driscoll, R., Elliot, M., Schneider, B., & Tudhope, A. (2016).
Links between tropical Pacific seasonal, interannual and orbital
variability during the Holocene. Nature Geoscience, 9, 168-+.
Garnier, E. (2009). Les Dérangements du temps: 500 ans de chaud et
de froid en Europe. Paris: Plon.
Gasse, F. (2000). Hydrological changes in the African tropics since the
last glacial maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews, 19(1–5), 189–
211.
IPCC. (2007). Climate change 2007: The physical science basis.
contribution of working group I to the fourth assessment report of
the intergovernmental panel on climate change. In: S. Solomon, D.
Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor &
H.L. Miller (Eds.), Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York,
NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, 996pp.
IPCC. (2013). Climate change 2013: The physical science basis.
contribution of working group I to the fifth assessment report of the
intergovernmental panel on climate change. In: T. F. Stocker, D. Qin,
G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia,
V. Bex, & P. M. Midgley (Eds.), Cambridge, United Kingdom and
New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, 1535pp.
Jansen, E., et al. (2007). Palaeoclimate, dans Solomon, In S. et al.,
(Ed.), Climate change 2007: The physical science basis. contribution of working group I to the fourth assessment report of the
intergovernmental panel on climate change, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jézéquel, A., Dépoues, V., Guillemot, H., Trolliet, M., Vanderlinden,
J.-P., & Yiou, P. (2018). Behind the veil of extreme event
attribution, Climatic Change. https://doi-org.insu.bib.cnrs.fr/10.
1007/s10584-018-2252-9.
Jolly, D., et al. (1998). Biome reconstruction from pollen and plant
macrofossil data for Africa and the Arabian Peninsula at 0 and 6000
Years. Journal of Biogeography, 25(6), 1007–1027.
Jones, P., & Mann, M. (2004). Climate over past millennia, Reviews of
Geophysics, 42(2).
Joussaume, S. & Taylor, K. E. (1995). Status of the paleoclimate
modeling intercomparison project, dans. In Proceedings of the first
international AMIP scientific conference, WCRP-92, Monterey,
USA, pp. 425–430.
Joussaume, S., et al. (1999). Monsoon changes for 6000 years ago:
Results of 18 simulations from the paleoclimate modeling intercomparison project (PMIP). Geophysical Reseach Letters, 26(7),
859–862.
Kageyama, M., et al. (1999). Weather regimes in past climate
atmospheric general circulation model simulations. Climate Dynamics, 15(10), 773–793.
Krinner, G., et al. (2005). A dynamic global vegetation model for
studies of the coupled atmosphere-biosphere system, Global
Biogeochemical Cycles, 19(1).
Kropelin, S., & Kuper, R. (2006). Climate-controlled holocene
occupation in the Sahara: Motor of Africa’s evolution. Science,
313(5788), 803–807.
Kutzbach, J. E. (1988). Climatic changes of the last 18,000 years—
observations and model simulations, Science, 241(4869), 1043–1052.
Le Roy Ladurie, E. (1967). Histoire du climat depuis l’an mil (p. 381).
Paris: Flammarion.
Liu, Z., et al. (2007). Simulating the Transient Evolution and Abrupt
Change of Northern Africa Atmosphere-Ocean-Terrestrial
Ecosystem in the Holocene, Quaternary Science Reviews, 26(13–
14), 1818–1837.
Luan, Y., Braconnot, P., Yu, Y., Zheng, W., & Marti, O. (2012). Early
and mid-Holocene climate in the tropical Pacific: Seasonal cycle
and interannual variability induced by insolation changes. Climate
of the Past, 8, 1093–1108.
Mann, M., Bradley, R., & Hughes, M. (1998). Global-scale temperature
patterns and climate forcing over the past six centuries. Nature, 392,
779–787.
Mann, M., et al. (2005). Volcanic and solar forcing of the tropical pacific
over the past 1000 years. Journal of Climate, 18(3), 447–456.
Massey, N., Jones, R., Otto, F. E. L., Aina, T., Wilson, S., Murphy,
J. M., et al. (2015). Weather@home—development and validation
of a very large ensemble modelling system for probabilistic event
attribution. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society,
141(690), 1528–1545. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2455.
National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine. (2016). éd.
Attribution of extreme weather events in the context of climate
change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://
doi.org/10.17226/21852.
Philander, S. G. H. (Ed.). (1990). El Niño, La Niña, and the Southern
Oscillation (p. 312). San Diego: Academic Press.
Prentice, I. C., & Webb, T. (1998). BIOME 6000: Reconstructing
Global Mid-Holocene Vegetation Patterns from Palaeoecological
Records, Journal of Biogeography, 25(6), 997–1005.
Renssen, H., et al. (2005). Simulating the holocene climate evolution at
northern high latitudes using a coupled atmosphere-sea
ice-ocean-vegetation model. Climate Dynamics, 24(1), 23–43.
Robock, A. (2000). Volcanic eruptions and climate. Reviews of
Geophysics, 38(2), 191–219.
Ruddiman, W. (2007). The early anthropogenic hypothesis: challenges
and responses, Reviews Of Geophysics, 45(3).
Shindell, D., et al. (2001). Solar forcing of regional climate change
during the maunder minimum, Science, 294(5549), 2149–2152.
Solomon, S., et al. (Eds.). (2007). Climate change 2007: The physical
science basis: Contribution of working group I to the fourth
assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate
change (p. 996). Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University
Press.
Stott, P. A., Christidis, N., Otto, F. E. Sun, Y., Vanderlinden, J.-P., van
Oldenborgh, G. J., et al. (2016). Attribution of extreme weather and
climate-related events, Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews, Climate
Change, 7(1), 23–41, https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.380.
Taylor, K. E., et al. (2007). Estimating shortwave radiative forcing and
response in climate models. Journal of Climate, 20(11), 2530–2543.
Texier, D., et al. (2000). Sensitivity of the African and Asian monsoons
to mid-holocene insolation and data-inferred surface changes.
Journal of Climate, 13(1), 164–181.
von Storch, H., & Zwiers, F. W. (2001). Statistical Analysis in Climate
Research. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wohlfahrt, J., et al. (2004). Synergistic feedbacks between ocean and
vegetation on mid- and high-latitude climates during the
mid-holocene. Climate Dynamics, 22(2–3), 223–238.
Zhao, Y., et al. (2005). A multi-model analysis of the role of the ocean
on the African and Indian monsoon during the mid-holocene.
Climate Dynamics, 25(7–8), 777–800.
Zhao, Y., et al. (2007). Simulated changes in the relationship between
tropical ocean temperatures and the western african monsoon during
the mid-holocene. Climate Dynamics, 28(5), 533–551.
Zheng, W., et al. (2008). ENSO at 6 Ka and 21 Ka from
ocean-atmosphere coupled model simulations. Climate Dynamics,
30(7–8), 745–762.
442
P. Braconnot and P. Yiou