slow growth rate speleothem records with regional d18O records of
precipitation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 482, 367–376.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.11.012.
Dreybrodt, W. (1988). Processes in karst systems. Springer Verlag,
288p.
Fairchild, I. J., & Baker, A. (2012). Speleothem science: From process
to past environments. Wiley.
Fairchild, I. J., Borsato, A., Tooth, A. F., Frisia, S., Hawkesworth, C. J.,
Huang, Y., et al. (2000). Controls on Trace Element (Sr-Mg)
compositions of carbonate cave waters: Implications for speleothem
climatic records. Chemical Geology, 166, 255–269.
Fleitmann, D., Cheng, H., Badertscher, S., Edwards, R. L., Mudelsee,
M., Gokturk, O. M., et al. (2009). Timing and climatic impact of
Greenland interstadials recorded in stalagmites from northern
Turkey. Geophysical Research Letters, 36.
Ford, D. C. & Williams, P. (2007). Karst Geomorphology and
Hydrology, Wiley, 562p.
Frisia, S., Borsato, A., Fairchild, I. J. & McDermott, F. (2000). Calcite
Fabrics, Growth Mechanisms, and Environments of formation in
Speleothems from the Italian Alps and Southwestern Ireland.
Journal of Sedimentary Research, 70, 1183–1196.
Genty, D. (2008). Paleoclimate research in Villars Cave (Dordogne,
SW-France). International Journal of Speleology, 37, 3.
Genty, D., Blamart, D., Ghaleb, B., Plagnes, V., Causse, C.,
Bakalowicz, M., et al. (2006). Timing and dynamics of the last
deglaciation from European and North African d13C stalagmite
profiles—Comparison with Chinese and South Hemisphere stalagmites. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25, 2118–2142. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.01.030.
Genty, D., Blamart, D., Ouahdi, R., Gilmour, M., Baker, A., Jouzel, J.,
et al. (2003). Precise dating of Dansgaard-Oeschger climate oscillations in western Europe from stalagmite data. Nature, 421, 833–837.
Genty, D., & Deflandre, G. (1999). Drip flow variations under a
stalactite of the Père Noël cave (Belgium). Evidence of seasonal
variations and air pressure constraints, Journal of Hydrology, 211,
208–232.
Genty, D., Labuhn, I., Hoffmann, G., Danis, P. A., Mestre, O., Bourges,
F., et al. (2014). Rainfall and cave water isotopic relationships in
two South-France sites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 131,
323–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.01.043.
Genty, D., Massault, M., Gilmour, M., Baker, A., Verheyden, S., &
Kepens, E. (1998). Calculation of past dead carbon proportion and
variability by the comparison of AMS
14
C and TIMS U/Th ages on
two Holocene stalagmites. Radiocarbon, 41, 251–270.
Genty, D., & Quinif, Y. (1996). Annually laminated sequences in the
internal structure of some Belgian stalagmites—Importance for
paleoclimatology. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 66, 275–288.
Ghaleb, B., Pons-Branchu, E., & Deschamps, P. (2004). Improved
method for radium extraction from environmental samples and its
analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry. Journal of
Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 19, 906–910.
Guiot, J., Pons, A., de Beaulieu, J. L., & Reille, M. (1989).
A 140,000-year continental climate reconstruction from two
European pollen records. Nature, 338, 309–313.
Hellstrom, J. (2006). U-Th dating of speleothems with high initial
Th-230 using stratigraphical constraint. Quaternary Geochronology, 1, 289–295.
Kim, S.-T., & O’Neil, J. R. (1997). Equilibrium and nonequilibrium
oxygen isotope effects in synthetic carbonates. Geochimica et
Cosmochimica Acta, 61, 3461–3475.
Luetscher, M., Boch, R., Sodemann, H., Spötl, C., Cheng, H., Edwards,
R. L., et al. (2015). North Atlantic storm track changes during the
Last Glacial Maximum recorded by Alpine speleothems. Nature
Communications, 6, 7344. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7344.
Martín-Chivelet, J., Muñoz-García, M. B., Cruz, J. A., Ortega, A. I., &
Turrero, M. J. (2017). Speleothem Architectural Analysis: Integrated approach for stalagmite-based paleoclimate research. Sedimentary Geology, 353, 28–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.
2017.03.003.
McDermott, F. (2004). Paleo-climate reconstruction from stable isotope
variations in speleothems: A review. Quaternary Science Reviews,
23, 901–918.
McDermott, F., Atkinson, T. C., Fairchild, I. J., Baldini, L. M., &
Mattey, D. P. (2011). A first evaluation of the spatial gradients in
d18O recorded by European Holocene speleothems. Global and
Planetary Change, 79, 275–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
gloplacha.2011.01.005.
Mickler, P. J., Stern, L. A., & Banner, J. L. (2006). Large kinetic
isotope effects in modern speleothems. Geological Society of
America Bulletin, 118, 65–81.
Moreno, A., Stoll, H. M., Jiménez-Sánchez, M., Cacho, I.,
Valero-Garcés, B., Ito, E., & Edwards, L. R. (2010).
A speleothem record of rapid climatic shifts during last glacial
period from Northern Iberian Peninsula. Global and Planetary
Change, 71, 218–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2009.10.
002.
Moreno, A., Svensson, A., Brooks, S. J., Connor, S., Engels, S.,
Fletcher, W., et al.(2014). A compilation of Western European
terrestrial records 60–8 ka BP: towards an understanding of latitudinal climatic gradients. Quaternary Science Reviews, Dating,
Synthesis, and Interpretation of Paleoclimatic Records and
Model-data Integration: Advances of the INTIMATE project
(INTegration of Ice core, Marine and Terrestrial records, COST
Action ES0907) 106, 167–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.
2014.06.030.
Moseley, G. E., Spötl, C., Svensson, A., Cheng, H., Brandstätter, S., &
Edwards, R. L. (2014). Multi-speleothem record reveals tightly
coupled climate between central Europe and Greenland during
Marine Isotope Stage 3. Geology, 42, 1043–1046. https://doi.org/
10.1130/G36063.1.
Stoll, H. M., Müller, W., & Prieto, M. (2012). I-STAL, a model for
interpretation of Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca variations in speleothems
and its forward and inverse application on seasonal to millennial
scales: I-STAL SPELEOTHEM TRACE ELEMENT MODEL.
Geochem. Geophys Geosystems 13, n/a-n/a. https://doi.org/10.
1029/2012GC004183.
Tremaine, D. M., Froelich, P. N., & Wang, Y. (2011). Speleothem
calcite farmed in situ: Modern calibration of d18O and d13C
paleoclimate proxies in a continuously-monitored natural cave
system. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75, 4929–4950. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.06.005.
Van Breukelen, M. R., Vonhof, H. B., Hellstrom, J. C., Wester, W.
C. G., & Kroon, D. (2008). Fossil dripwater in stalagmites reveals
Holocene temperature and rainfall variation in Amazonia. Earth and
Planetary Science Letters, 275(1–2), 54–60.
Verheyden, S., Genty, D., Cattani, O., & van Breukelen, M. R. (2008).
Water release patterns of heated speleothem calcite and hydrogen
isotope composition of fluid inclusions. Chemical Geology, 247,
266–281.
Vonhof, H. B., van Breukelen, M. R., Postma, O., Rowe, P. J.,
Atkinson, T. C., & Kroon, D. (2006). A continuous-flow crushing
device for on-line delta H-2 analysis of fluid inclusion water in
speleothems. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 20,
2553–2558.
Wang, Y., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Kong, X., Shao, X., Chen, S., &
An, Z. (2008). Millennial- and orbital-scale changes in the East
Asian monsoon over the past 224,000 years. Nature, 451, 1090–
1093.
176
D. Genty and A. Moreno
precipitation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 482, 367–376.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.11.012.
Dreybrodt, W. (1988). Processes in karst systems. Springer Verlag,
288p.
Fairchild, I. J., & Baker, A. (2012). Speleothem science: From process
to past environments. Wiley.
Fairchild, I. J., Borsato, A., Tooth, A. F., Frisia, S., Hawkesworth, C. J.,
Huang, Y., et al. (2000). Controls on Trace Element (Sr-Mg)
compositions of carbonate cave waters: Implications for speleothem
climatic records. Chemical Geology, 166, 255–269.
Fleitmann, D., Cheng, H., Badertscher, S., Edwards, R. L., Mudelsee,
M., Gokturk, O. M., et al. (2009). Timing and climatic impact of
Greenland interstadials recorded in stalagmites from northern
Turkey. Geophysical Research Letters, 36.
Ford, D. C. & Williams, P. (2007). Karst Geomorphology and
Hydrology, Wiley, 562p.
Frisia, S., Borsato, A., Fairchild, I. J. & McDermott, F. (2000). Calcite
Fabrics, Growth Mechanisms, and Environments of formation in
Speleothems from the Italian Alps and Southwestern Ireland.
Journal of Sedimentary Research, 70, 1183–1196.
Genty, D. (2008). Paleoclimate research in Villars Cave (Dordogne,
SW-France). International Journal of Speleology, 37, 3.
Genty, D., Blamart, D., Ghaleb, B., Plagnes, V., Causse, C.,
Bakalowicz, M., et al. (2006). Timing and dynamics of the last
deglaciation from European and North African d13C stalagmite
profiles—Comparison with Chinese and South Hemisphere stalagmites. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25, 2118–2142. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.01.030.
Genty, D., Blamart, D., Ouahdi, R., Gilmour, M., Baker, A., Jouzel, J.,
et al. (2003). Precise dating of Dansgaard-Oeschger climate oscillations in western Europe from stalagmite data. Nature, 421, 833–837.
Genty, D., & Deflandre, G. (1999). Drip flow variations under a
stalactite of the Père Noël cave (Belgium). Evidence of seasonal
variations and air pressure constraints, Journal of Hydrology, 211,
208–232.
Genty, D., Labuhn, I., Hoffmann, G., Danis, P. A., Mestre, O., Bourges,
F., et al. (2014). Rainfall and cave water isotopic relationships in
two South-France sites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 131,
323–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.01.043.
Genty, D., Massault, M., Gilmour, M., Baker, A., Verheyden, S., &
Kepens, E. (1998). Calculation of past dead carbon proportion and
variability by the comparison of AMS
14
C and TIMS U/Th ages on
two Holocene stalagmites. Radiocarbon, 41, 251–270.
Genty, D., & Quinif, Y. (1996). Annually laminated sequences in the
internal structure of some Belgian stalagmites—Importance for
paleoclimatology. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 66, 275–288.
Ghaleb, B., Pons-Branchu, E., & Deschamps, P. (2004). Improved
method for radium extraction from environmental samples and its
analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry. Journal of
Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 19, 906–910.
Guiot, J., Pons, A., de Beaulieu, J. L., & Reille, M. (1989).
A 140,000-year continental climate reconstruction from two
European pollen records. Nature, 338, 309–313.
Hellstrom, J. (2006). U-Th dating of speleothems with high initial
Th-230 using stratigraphical constraint. Quaternary Geochronology, 1, 289–295.
Kim, S.-T., & O’Neil, J. R. (1997). Equilibrium and nonequilibrium
oxygen isotope effects in synthetic carbonates. Geochimica et
Cosmochimica Acta, 61, 3461–3475.
Luetscher, M., Boch, R., Sodemann, H., Spötl, C., Cheng, H., Edwards,
R. L., et al. (2015). North Atlantic storm track changes during the
Last Glacial Maximum recorded by Alpine speleothems. Nature
Communications, 6, 7344. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7344.
Martín-Chivelet, J., Muñoz-García, M. B., Cruz, J. A., Ortega, A. I., &
Turrero, M. J. (2017). Speleothem Architectural Analysis: Integrated approach for stalagmite-based paleoclimate research. Sedimentary Geology, 353, 28–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.
2017.03.003.
McDermott, F. (2004). Paleo-climate reconstruction from stable isotope
variations in speleothems: A review. Quaternary Science Reviews,
23, 901–918.
McDermott, F., Atkinson, T. C., Fairchild, I. J., Baldini, L. M., &
Mattey, D. P. (2011). A first evaluation of the spatial gradients in
d18O recorded by European Holocene speleothems. Global and
Planetary Change, 79, 275–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
gloplacha.2011.01.005.
Mickler, P. J., Stern, L. A., & Banner, J. L. (2006). Large kinetic
isotope effects in modern speleothems. Geological Society of
America Bulletin, 118, 65–81.
Moreno, A., Stoll, H. M., Jiménez-Sánchez, M., Cacho, I.,
Valero-Garcés, B., Ito, E., & Edwards, L. R. (2010).
A speleothem record of rapid climatic shifts during last glacial
period from Northern Iberian Peninsula. Global and Planetary
Change, 71, 218–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2009.10.
002.
Moreno, A., Svensson, A., Brooks, S. J., Connor, S., Engels, S.,
Fletcher, W., et al.(2014). A compilation of Western European
terrestrial records 60–8 ka BP: towards an understanding of latitudinal climatic gradients. Quaternary Science Reviews, Dating,
Synthesis, and Interpretation of Paleoclimatic Records and
Model-data Integration: Advances of the INTIMATE project
(INTegration of Ice core, Marine and Terrestrial records, COST
Action ES0907) 106, 167–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.
2014.06.030.
Moseley, G. E., Spötl, C., Svensson, A., Cheng, H., Brandstätter, S., &
Edwards, R. L. (2014). Multi-speleothem record reveals tightly
coupled climate between central Europe and Greenland during
Marine Isotope Stage 3. Geology, 42, 1043–1046. https://doi.org/
10.1130/G36063.1.
Stoll, H. M., Müller, W., & Prieto, M. (2012). I-STAL, a model for
interpretation of Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca variations in speleothems
and its forward and inverse application on seasonal to millennial
scales: I-STAL SPELEOTHEM TRACE ELEMENT MODEL.
Geochem. Geophys Geosystems 13, n/a-n/a. https://doi.org/10.
1029/2012GC004183.
Tremaine, D. M., Froelich, P. N., & Wang, Y. (2011). Speleothem
calcite farmed in situ: Modern calibration of d18O and d13C
paleoclimate proxies in a continuously-monitored natural cave
system. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75, 4929–4950. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.06.005.
Van Breukelen, M. R., Vonhof, H. B., Hellstrom, J. C., Wester, W.
C. G., & Kroon, D. (2008). Fossil dripwater in stalagmites reveals
Holocene temperature and rainfall variation in Amazonia. Earth and
Planetary Science Letters, 275(1–2), 54–60.
Verheyden, S., Genty, D., Cattani, O., & van Breukelen, M. R. (2008).
Water release patterns of heated speleothem calcite and hydrogen
isotope composition of fluid inclusions. Chemical Geology, 247,
266–281.
Vonhof, H. B., van Breukelen, M. R., Postma, O., Rowe, P. J.,
Atkinson, T. C., & Kroon, D. (2006). A continuous-flow crushing
device for on-line delta H-2 analysis of fluid inclusion water in
speleothems. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 20,
2553–2558.
Wang, Y., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Kong, X., Shao, X., Chen, S., &
An, Z. (2008). Millennial- and orbital-scale changes in the East
Asian monsoon over the past 224,000 years. Nature, 451, 1090–
1093.
176
D. Genty and A. Moreno