References
Andersen, M. B., et al. (2010). Precise determination of the open ocean
234U/238U composition. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems,
11(12), n/a–n/a.
Bard, E., Hamelin, B., & Fairbanks, R. G. (1990). U-Th ages obtained
by mass spectrometry in corals from Barbados: Sea level during the
past 130,000 years. Nature, 346, 456–458.
Cabioch, G., Banks-Cutler, K. A., Beck, J. W., Burr, G. S., Corrège, T.,
Edwards, R. L. & Taylor, F. W. (2003). Continuous reef growth
during the last 23 Kyr Cal BP in a Tectonically active zone
(Vanuatu, South West Pacific). Quaternary Science Reviews, 22,
1771–1786.
Chen, T. Y., et al. (2016). Ocean mixing and ice-sheet control of
seawater U-234/U-238 during the last deglaciation. Science, 354
(6312), 626–629.
Cheng, H., Adkins, J. F., Edwards, R. L. & Boyle, E. A. (2000a). U-Th
dating of deep-Sea Corals. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 64,
2401–2416.
Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Hoff, J., Gallup, C. D., Richards, D. A., &
Asmeron, Y. (2000b). The half-lives of Uranium-234 and
Thorium-230. Chemical Geology, 169, 17–33.
Cheng, H., et al. (2013). Improvements in 230Th dating, 230Th and
234U half-life values, and U-Th isotopic measurements by
multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 371–372, 82–91.
Douville, E., Salle, E., Frank, N., Eisele, M., Pons-Branchu, E., &
Ayrault, S. (2010). Rapid and precise
230 Th/U dating of Ancient
Carbonates using inductively coupled plasma-quadrupole mass
spectrometry. Chemical Geology, 272, 1–11.
Dutton, A., & Lambeck, K. (2012). Ice volume and sea level during the
last interglacial. Science, 337, 216–219. https://doi.org/10.1126/
science.1205749.
Esat, T. M. & Yokoyama, Y. (2006). Variability in the Uranium
isotopic composition of the oceans over glacial-interglacial timescales. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 70, 4140–4150.
Frank, N., Paterne, M., Ayliffe, L. K., Blamart, D., van Weering, T., &
Henriet, J. P. (2004). Eastern North Atlantic Deep-Sea Corals:
Tracing upper intermediate water D
14
C during the Holocene. Earth
and Planetary Science Letters, 219, 297–309.
Frank, N., Turpin, L., Cabioch, G., Blamart, D., Tressens-Fedou, M.,
Colin, C., et al. (2006). Open system U-series ages of corals from a
subsiding reef in New Caledonia: Implications for sea level
changes, and subsidence rate. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,
249, 274–289.
Gallup, C. D., Edwards, L., & Johnson, R. G. (1994). The timing of
high sea levels over the past 200,000 years. Science, 263, 796–800.
Hanebuth, T., Stattegger, K., Grootes, P. (2000). Rapid flooding of the
sunda shelf: A late glacial sea level record. Science, 288, 1033–
1035.
Henderson, G. M. (2002). Seawater (234U/238U) during the last 800
thousand years. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 199, 97–110.
Henderson, G. M., & Slowey, N. C. (2000). Evidence from U-Th
dating against northern hemisphere forcing of the penultimate
deglaciation. Nature, 404, 61–68.
Ivanovich, M. & Harmon, R. S. (1992). Uranium-series disequilibrium:
Applications to earth, marine, and environmental sciences (2nd ed.,
p. 910), Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Kaufman, A., Ghaleb, B., Wehmiller, J. F. & Hillaire-Marcel, C.
(1996). Uranium concentration and isotope ratio profiles within
Mercenaria Shells: Geochronological implications. Geochimica et
Cosmochimica Acta, 60(19), 3735–3746.
Ludwig, K. R. & Titterington, D. M. (1994). Calculation of
230
Th/U
Isochrons, ages, and errors. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58
(22), 5031–5042.
Mallick, R., & Frank, N. (2002). A new technique for precise
uranium-series dating of travertine micro-samples. Geochimica et
Cosmochimica Acta, 66(24), 4261–4272.
McDermott, F., Grün, R., Stringer, C. B., & Hawkesworth, C. J. (1993).
Mass-spectrometric U-series dates for Israeli Neanderthal/early
modern hominid sites. Nature, 363, 252–255.
Reimer, P. J., et al. (2013). Intcal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age
calibration curves 0–50,000 Years Cal Bp. Radiocarbon, 55(4),
1869–1887.
Robinson, L., Adkins, J., Fernandez, D. P., Burnett, D. S., Wang, S. L.,
Gagnon, A. C., et al. (2006). Primary U distribution in scleractinian
corals and its implications for U series dating. Geochemistry
Geophysics Geosystem, 7, 1–20.
Scholz, D., Mangini, A., & Felis, T. (2004). U-series dating of
diagenetically altered fossil reef corals. Earth and Planetary Science
Letters, 218, 163–178.
Spooner, P. T., Chen, T., Robinson, L. F., Coath, C. D. (2016). Rapid
uranium-series age screening of carbonates by laser ablation mass
spectrometry.Quaternary Geochronology, 31, 28–39.
Szabo, B. J., Ludwig, K. R., Muhs, D. R., & Simmons, K. R. (1994).
Thorium-230 ages of corals and duration of the last interglacial
sea-level high stand on Oahu, Hawaii. Science, 266, 93–96.
Thompson, W. G., & Goldstein, S. J. (2005). Open-system coral ages
reveal persistent suborbital sea-level cycles. Science, 308, 401–404.
Thompson, W. G., Spiegelman, M. W., Goldstein, S. L., & Speed, R.
C. (2003). An open-system model for U-series age determinations
of fossil corals. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 210, 365–381.
Thompson, W. G., & Goldstein, S. L. (2006). A radiometric calibration
of the SPECMAP timescale. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25(23–
24), 3207–3215.
Villemant, B., & Feuillet, N. (2003). Dating open systems by the
238
U234
U230
Th method: application to quaternary reef terraces.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 210, 105–118.
Waelbroeck, C., Labeyrie, L., Michel, E., Duplessy, J. C., McManus,
J. F., Lambeck, K., et al. (2002). Sea-level and deep water
temperature changes derived from benthic foraminifera isotopic
records. Quaternary Science Reviews, 21, 295–305.
Wang, Y. J., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., An, Z. S., Wu, J. Y. Shen, C.C. & Dorale, J. A. (2001). A high-resolution absolute dated late
pleistocene monsoon record from hulu cave, China. Science, 294,
2345–2348.
Wefing, A. M., et al. (2017). High precision U-series dating of
scleractinian cold-water corals using an automated chromatographic
U and Th extraction. Chemical Geology, 475, 140–148.
100
N. Frank and F. Hemsing
Andersen, M. B., et al. (2010). Precise determination of the open ocean
234U/238U composition. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems,
11(12), n/a–n/a.
Bard, E., Hamelin, B., & Fairbanks, R. G. (1990). U-Th ages obtained
by mass spectrometry in corals from Barbados: Sea level during the
past 130,000 years. Nature, 346, 456–458.
Cabioch, G., Banks-Cutler, K. A., Beck, J. W., Burr, G. S., Corrège, T.,
Edwards, R. L. & Taylor, F. W. (2003). Continuous reef growth
during the last 23 Kyr Cal BP in a Tectonically active zone
(Vanuatu, South West Pacific). Quaternary Science Reviews, 22,
1771–1786.
Chen, T. Y., et al. (2016). Ocean mixing and ice-sheet control of
seawater U-234/U-238 during the last deglaciation. Science, 354
(6312), 626–629.
Cheng, H., Adkins, J. F., Edwards, R. L. & Boyle, E. A. (2000a). U-Th
dating of deep-Sea Corals. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 64,
2401–2416.
Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Hoff, J., Gallup, C. D., Richards, D. A., &
Asmeron, Y. (2000b). The half-lives of Uranium-234 and
Thorium-230. Chemical Geology, 169, 17–33.
Cheng, H., et al. (2013). Improvements in 230Th dating, 230Th and
234U half-life values, and U-Th isotopic measurements by
multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 371–372, 82–91.
Douville, E., Salle, E., Frank, N., Eisele, M., Pons-Branchu, E., &
Ayrault, S. (2010). Rapid and precise
230 Th/U dating of Ancient
Carbonates using inductively coupled plasma-quadrupole mass
spectrometry. Chemical Geology, 272, 1–11.
Dutton, A., & Lambeck, K. (2012). Ice volume and sea level during the
last interglacial. Science, 337, 216–219. https://doi.org/10.1126/
science.1205749.
Esat, T. M. & Yokoyama, Y. (2006). Variability in the Uranium
isotopic composition of the oceans over glacial-interglacial timescales. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 70, 4140–4150.
Frank, N., Paterne, M., Ayliffe, L. K., Blamart, D., van Weering, T., &
Henriet, J. P. (2004). Eastern North Atlantic Deep-Sea Corals:
Tracing upper intermediate water D
14
C during the Holocene. Earth
and Planetary Science Letters, 219, 297–309.
Frank, N., Turpin, L., Cabioch, G., Blamart, D., Tressens-Fedou, M.,
Colin, C., et al. (2006). Open system U-series ages of corals from a
subsiding reef in New Caledonia: Implications for sea level
changes, and subsidence rate. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,
249, 274–289.
Gallup, C. D., Edwards, L., & Johnson, R. G. (1994). The timing of
high sea levels over the past 200,000 years. Science, 263, 796–800.
Hanebuth, T., Stattegger, K., Grootes, P. (2000). Rapid flooding of the
sunda shelf: A late glacial sea level record. Science, 288, 1033–
1035.
Henderson, G. M. (2002). Seawater (234U/238U) during the last 800
thousand years. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 199, 97–110.
Henderson, G. M., & Slowey, N. C. (2000). Evidence from U-Th
dating against northern hemisphere forcing of the penultimate
deglaciation. Nature, 404, 61–68.
Ivanovich, M. & Harmon, R. S. (1992). Uranium-series disequilibrium:
Applications to earth, marine, and environmental sciences (2nd ed.,
p. 910), Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Kaufman, A., Ghaleb, B., Wehmiller, J. F. & Hillaire-Marcel, C.
(1996). Uranium concentration and isotope ratio profiles within
Mercenaria Shells: Geochronological implications. Geochimica et
Cosmochimica Acta, 60(19), 3735–3746.
Ludwig, K. R. & Titterington, D. M. (1994). Calculation of
230
Th/U
Isochrons, ages, and errors. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58
(22), 5031–5042.
Mallick, R., & Frank, N. (2002). A new technique for precise
uranium-series dating of travertine micro-samples. Geochimica et
Cosmochimica Acta, 66(24), 4261–4272.
McDermott, F., Grün, R., Stringer, C. B., & Hawkesworth, C. J. (1993).
Mass-spectrometric U-series dates for Israeli Neanderthal/early
modern hominid sites. Nature, 363, 252–255.
Reimer, P. J., et al. (2013). Intcal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age
calibration curves 0–50,000 Years Cal Bp. Radiocarbon, 55(4),
1869–1887.
Robinson, L., Adkins, J., Fernandez, D. P., Burnett, D. S., Wang, S. L.,
Gagnon, A. C., et al. (2006). Primary U distribution in scleractinian
corals and its implications for U series dating. Geochemistry
Geophysics Geosystem, 7, 1–20.
Scholz, D., Mangini, A., & Felis, T. (2004). U-series dating of
diagenetically altered fossil reef corals. Earth and Planetary Science
Letters, 218, 163–178.
Spooner, P. T., Chen, T., Robinson, L. F., Coath, C. D. (2016). Rapid
uranium-series age screening of carbonates by laser ablation mass
spectrometry.Quaternary Geochronology, 31, 28–39.
Szabo, B. J., Ludwig, K. R., Muhs, D. R., & Simmons, K. R. (1994).
Thorium-230 ages of corals and duration of the last interglacial
sea-level high stand on Oahu, Hawaii. Science, 266, 93–96.
Thompson, W. G., & Goldstein, S. J. (2005). Open-system coral ages
reveal persistent suborbital sea-level cycles. Science, 308, 401–404.
Thompson, W. G., Spiegelman, M. W., Goldstein, S. L., & Speed, R.
C. (2003). An open-system model for U-series age determinations
of fossil corals. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 210, 365–381.
Thompson, W. G., & Goldstein, S. L. (2006). A radiometric calibration
of the SPECMAP timescale. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25(23–
24), 3207–3215.
Villemant, B., & Feuillet, N. (2003). Dating open systems by the
238
U234
U230
Th method: application to quaternary reef terraces.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 210, 105–118.
Waelbroeck, C., Labeyrie, L., Michel, E., Duplessy, J. C., McManus,
J. F., Lambeck, K., et al. (2002). Sea-level and deep water
temperature changes derived from benthic foraminifera isotopic
records. Quaternary Science Reviews, 21, 295–305.
Wang, Y. J., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., An, Z. S., Wu, J. Y. Shen, C.C. & Dorale, J. A. (2001). A high-resolution absolute dated late
pleistocene monsoon record from hulu cave, China. Science, 294,
2345–2348.
Wefing, A. M., et al. (2017). High precision U-series dating of
scleractinian cold-water corals using an automated chromatographic
U and Th extraction. Chemical Geology, 475, 140–148.
100
N. Frank and F. Hemsing