14 Topology in Magnetism
399
57. T. Shinjo, T. Okuno, R. Hassdorf, K. Shigeto, T. Ono, Magnetic vortex core observation in
circular dots of permalloy. Science 289(5481), 930–932 (2000)
58. A. Wachowiak, J. Wiebe, M. Bode, O. Pietzsch, M. Morgenstern, R. Wiesendanger, Direct
observation of internal spin structure of magnetic vortex cores. Science 298(5593), 577–580
(2002)
59. S.-B. Choe, Y. Acremann, A. Scholl, A. Bauer, A. Doran, J. Stöhr, H.A. Padmore, Vortex
core-driven magnetization dynamics. Science 304(5669), 420–422 (2004)
60. B. Van Waeyenberge, A. Puzic, H. Stoll, K.W. Chou, T. Tyliszczak, R. Hertel, M. Fähnle, H.
Brückl, K. Rott, G. Reiss, I. Neudecker, D. Weiss, C.H. Back, G. Schütz, Magnetic vortex core
reversal by excitation with short bursts of an alternating field. Nature 444(7118), 461–464
(2006)
61. K.Yu. Guslienko, K-S. Lee, S-K. Kim, Dynamic origin of vortex core switching in soft magnetic nanodots. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 027203 (2008)
62. D.-H. Kim, E.A. Rozhkova, I.V. Ulasov, S.D. Bader, T. Rajh, M.S. Lesniak, V. Novosad, Biofunctionalized magnetic-vortex microdiscs for targeted cancer-cell destruction. Nat. Mater.
9(2), 165–171 (2010)
63. R. Streubel, D. Makarov, F. Kronast, V. Kravchuk, M. Albrecht, O.G. Schmidt, Magnetic
vortices on closely packed spherically curved surfaces. Phys. Rev. B 85, 174429 (2012)
64. T.H.R. Skyrme, B.F.J. Schonland, A non-linear field theory. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. Ser A.
Math. Phys. Sci. 260(1300), 127–138 (1961)
65. T.H.R. Skyrme, A unified field theory of mesons and baryons. Nuc. Phys. 31, 556–569 (1962)
66. A. Bogdanov, New localized solutions of the nonlinear field equations. JETP Lett. 62, 247
(1995)
67. B.M.A.G. Piette, B.J. Schroers, W.J. Zakrzewski, Dynamics of baby skyrmions. Nucl. Phys.
B 439(1), 205–235 (1995)
68. J. Sampaio, V. Cros, S. Rohart, A. Thiaville, A. Fert, Nucleation, stability and current-induced
motion of isolated magnetic skyrmions in nanostructures. Nat. Nanotechnol. 8(11), 839–844
(2013)
69. A. Qaiumzadeh, I.A. Ado, R.A. Duine, M. Titov, A. Brataas, Theory of the interfacial
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Rashba antiferromagnets. Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 197202
(2018)
70. N. Romming, C. Hanneken, M. Menzel, J.E. Bickel, B. Wolter, K. von Bergmann, A. Kubetzka, R. Wiesendanger, Writing and deleting single magnetic skyrmions. Science 341(6146),
636–639 (2013)
71. W. Jiang, P. Upadhyaya, W. Zhang, G. Yu, M. Benjamin Jungfleisch, F.Y. Fradin, J.E. Pearson,
Y. Tserkovnyak, K.L. Wang, O. Heinonen, S.G.E. te Velthuis, A. Hoffmann, Blowing magnetic
skyrmion bubbles. Science. 349(6245), 283–286 (2015)
72. J. Zang, M. Mostovoy, J.H. Han, N. Nagaosa, Dynamics of skyrmion crystals in metallic thin
films. Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 136804 (2011)
73. S. Mühlbauer, B. Binz, F. Jonietz, C. Pfleiderer, A. Rosch, A. Neubauer, R. Georgii, P. Böni,
Skyrmion lattice in a chiral magnet. Science 323(5916), 915–919 (2009)
74. X.Z. Yu, N. Kanazawa, W.Z. Zhang, T. Nagai, T. Hara, K. Kimoto, Y. Matsui, Y. Onose, Y.
Tokura, Skyrmion flow near room temperature in an ultralow current density. Nat. Commun.
3(1), 988 (2012)
75. N. Romming, A. Kubetzka, C. Hanneken, K. von Bergmann, R. Wiesendanger, Fielddependent size and shape of single magnetic skyrmions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 177203 (2015)
76. R. Tomasello, E. Martinez, R. Zivieri, L. Torres, M. Carpentieri, G. Finocchio, A strategy for
the design of skyrmion racetrack memories. Sci. Rep. 4(1), 6784 (2014)
77. S. Krause, R. Wiesendanger, Skyrmionics gets hot. Nat. Mater. 15(5), 493–494 (2016)
78. S. Rohart, A. Thiaville, Skyrmion confinement in ultrathin film nanostructures in the presence
of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Phys. Rev. B 88, 184422 (2013)
79. J. Iwasaki, M. Mochizuki, N. Nagaosa, Universal current-velocity relation of skyrmion motion
in chiral magnets. Nat. Commun. 4(1), 1463 (2013)
399
57. T. Shinjo, T. Okuno, R. Hassdorf, K. Shigeto, T. Ono, Magnetic vortex core observation in
circular dots of permalloy. Science 289(5481), 930–932 (2000)
58. A. Wachowiak, J. Wiebe, M. Bode, O. Pietzsch, M. Morgenstern, R. Wiesendanger, Direct
observation of internal spin structure of magnetic vortex cores. Science 298(5593), 577–580
(2002)
59. S.-B. Choe, Y. Acremann, A. Scholl, A. Bauer, A. Doran, J. Stöhr, H.A. Padmore, Vortex
core-driven magnetization dynamics. Science 304(5669), 420–422 (2004)
60. B. Van Waeyenberge, A. Puzic, H. Stoll, K.W. Chou, T. Tyliszczak, R. Hertel, M. Fähnle, H.
Brückl, K. Rott, G. Reiss, I. Neudecker, D. Weiss, C.H. Back, G. Schütz, Magnetic vortex core
reversal by excitation with short bursts of an alternating field. Nature 444(7118), 461–464
(2006)
61. K.Yu. Guslienko, K-S. Lee, S-K. Kim, Dynamic origin of vortex core switching in soft magnetic nanodots. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 027203 (2008)
62. D.-H. Kim, E.A. Rozhkova, I.V. Ulasov, S.D. Bader, T. Rajh, M.S. Lesniak, V. Novosad, Biofunctionalized magnetic-vortex microdiscs for targeted cancer-cell destruction. Nat. Mater.
9(2), 165–171 (2010)
63. R. Streubel, D. Makarov, F. Kronast, V. Kravchuk, M. Albrecht, O.G. Schmidt, Magnetic
vortices on closely packed spherically curved surfaces. Phys. Rev. B 85, 174429 (2012)
64. T.H.R. Skyrme, B.F.J. Schonland, A non-linear field theory. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. Ser A.
Math. Phys. Sci. 260(1300), 127–138 (1961)
65. T.H.R. Skyrme, A unified field theory of mesons and baryons. Nuc. Phys. 31, 556–569 (1962)
66. A. Bogdanov, New localized solutions of the nonlinear field equations. JETP Lett. 62, 247
(1995)
67. B.M.A.G. Piette, B.J. Schroers, W.J. Zakrzewski, Dynamics of baby skyrmions. Nucl. Phys.
B 439(1), 205–235 (1995)
68. J. Sampaio, V. Cros, S. Rohart, A. Thiaville, A. Fert, Nucleation, stability and current-induced
motion of isolated magnetic skyrmions in nanostructures. Nat. Nanotechnol. 8(11), 839–844
(2013)
69. A. Qaiumzadeh, I.A. Ado, R.A. Duine, M. Titov, A. Brataas, Theory of the interfacial
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Rashba antiferromagnets. Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 197202
(2018)
70. N. Romming, C. Hanneken, M. Menzel, J.E. Bickel, B. Wolter, K. von Bergmann, A. Kubetzka, R. Wiesendanger, Writing and deleting single magnetic skyrmions. Science 341(6146),
636–639 (2013)
71. W. Jiang, P. Upadhyaya, W. Zhang, G. Yu, M. Benjamin Jungfleisch, F.Y. Fradin, J.E. Pearson,
Y. Tserkovnyak, K.L. Wang, O. Heinonen, S.G.E. te Velthuis, A. Hoffmann, Blowing magnetic
skyrmion bubbles. Science. 349(6245), 283–286 (2015)
72. J. Zang, M. Mostovoy, J.H. Han, N. Nagaosa, Dynamics of skyrmion crystals in metallic thin
films. Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 136804 (2011)
73. S. Mühlbauer, B. Binz, F. Jonietz, C. Pfleiderer, A. Rosch, A. Neubauer, R. Georgii, P. Böni,
Skyrmion lattice in a chiral magnet. Science 323(5916), 915–919 (2009)
74. X.Z. Yu, N. Kanazawa, W.Z. Zhang, T. Nagai, T. Hara, K. Kimoto, Y. Matsui, Y. Onose, Y.
Tokura, Skyrmion flow near room temperature in an ultralow current density. Nat. Commun.
3(1), 988 (2012)
75. N. Romming, A. Kubetzka, C. Hanneken, K. von Bergmann, R. Wiesendanger, Fielddependent size and shape of single magnetic skyrmions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 177203 (2015)
76. R. Tomasello, E. Martinez, R. Zivieri, L. Torres, M. Carpentieri, G. Finocchio, A strategy for
the design of skyrmion racetrack memories. Sci. Rep. 4(1), 6784 (2014)
77. S. Krause, R. Wiesendanger, Skyrmionics gets hot. Nat. Mater. 15(5), 493–494 (2016)
78. S. Rohart, A. Thiaville, Skyrmion confinement in ultrathin film nanostructures in the presence
of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Phys. Rev. B 88, 184422 (2013)
79. J. Iwasaki, M. Mochizuki, N. Nagaosa, Universal current-velocity relation of skyrmion motion
in chiral magnets. Nat. Commun. 4(1), 1463 (2013)