47
consensus that nanomaterials can be dangerous. Although it is not clear that which
properties of nanoparticles determine their behavior, some adverse effects such as
inflammation and toxicology have been observed. The available data demonstrate
that some of the engineered nanomaterials can be distributed and accumulate
throughout the body and can cause toxic effects in many organs and tissues such as
liver, lungs, spleen, bones, and brain. Some of these nanomaterials such as carbon
nanotubes are resistant to biodegradation and therefore it is quite likely to remain in
the nature or in body in case of in vivo application for a very long time. Because the
number of nanomaterials and their products increases, their exposure to human and
environment becomes significant. Thus, proper precautions should be followed in
order to avoid the harmful effects of nanomaterials. In this regard, government
agencies, industries, and research institutions should take their responsibility to prevent unfortunate consequences. Developing risk management strategies and rigid
preventive procedures is an urgent need to limit the detrimental effects of nanoparticles exposure.
Hopefully, all of these adjustments and precautions will increase our awareness
of the damage of nanomaterials and will significantly reduce human exposure to
potentially toxic nanomaterials.
References
Ahmad R, Mahmoudi T, Ahn MS, Hahn YB (2018) Recent advances in nanowires-based fieldeffect transistors for biological sensor applications. Biosens Bioelectron 15(100):312–325.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2017.09.024
Aithal PS (2016) Nanotechnology innovations & business opportunities: a review. JMEIT
6(1):182–204
Ali A, Zafar H, Zia M, Ul Haq I, Phull AR (2016) Synthesis, characterization, applications, and
challenges of iron oxide nanoparticles. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 9:49–67. https://doi.org/10.2147/
NSA.S99986
Aschberger K (2012) Nanosupport – assessment of nanomaterials in REACH registration dossiers.
WHO Workshop on nanotechnology and human health: scientific evidence and risk governance. Bonn, Germany, 10–11 December 2012
Bakhtiari AB, Hsiao D, Jin G, Gates BD, Branda NR (2009) An efficient method based on the photothermal effect for the release of molecules from metal nanoparticle surfaces. Angew Chem
Int Ed 48:4166e9
Ballestri M, Baraldi A, Gatti AM, Furci L, Bagni A, Loria P, Rapanà R, Carulli N, Albertazzi A
(2001) Liver and kidney foreign bodies granulomatosis in a patient with malocclusion, bruxism, and worn dental prostheses. Gastroenterology 121:1234–1238
Banerjee P, Perez I, Henn-Lecordier L, Sun Bok L, Rubloff G (2009) Nanotubular metal–insulator–metal capacitor arrays for energy storage. Nat Nanotechnol 4:292–296
Bar-Ilan O, Albrecht RM, Fako VE, Furgeson DY (2009) Toxicity assessments of multisized gold
and silver nanoparticles in zebrafish embryos. Small 5(16):1897–1910
Barnard AS, Guo H (2012) Nature’s nanostructures. Pan Stanford Publishing, Singapore
Batsura YD, Kruglikov GG, Arutiunov VD (1981) Morphology of experimental pneumoconiosis
following inhalation of lunar soil. Bull Exp Biol Med 92:1294–1297
Beddoes CM, Case CP, Briscoe WH (2015) Understanding nanoparticle cellular entry: a physicochemical perspective. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 218:48–68
2 Nanomaterials and Human Health
consensus that nanomaterials can be dangerous. Although it is not clear that which
properties of nanoparticles determine their behavior, some adverse effects such as
inflammation and toxicology have been observed. The available data demonstrate
that some of the engineered nanomaterials can be distributed and accumulate
throughout the body and can cause toxic effects in many organs and tissues such as
liver, lungs, spleen, bones, and brain. Some of these nanomaterials such as carbon
nanotubes are resistant to biodegradation and therefore it is quite likely to remain in
the nature or in body in case of in vivo application for a very long time. Because the
number of nanomaterials and their products increases, their exposure to human and
environment becomes significant. Thus, proper precautions should be followed in
order to avoid the harmful effects of nanomaterials. In this regard, government
agencies, industries, and research institutions should take their responsibility to prevent unfortunate consequences. Developing risk management strategies and rigid
preventive procedures is an urgent need to limit the detrimental effects of nanoparticles exposure.
Hopefully, all of these adjustments and precautions will increase our awareness
of the damage of nanomaterials and will significantly reduce human exposure to
potentially toxic nanomaterials.
References
Ahmad R, Mahmoudi T, Ahn MS, Hahn YB (2018) Recent advances in nanowires-based fieldeffect transistors for biological sensor applications. Biosens Bioelectron 15(100):312–325.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2017.09.024
Aithal PS (2016) Nanotechnology innovations & business opportunities: a review. JMEIT
6(1):182–204
Ali A, Zafar H, Zia M, Ul Haq I, Phull AR (2016) Synthesis, characterization, applications, and
challenges of iron oxide nanoparticles. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 9:49–67. https://doi.org/10.2147/
NSA.S99986
Aschberger K (2012) Nanosupport – assessment of nanomaterials in REACH registration dossiers.
WHO Workshop on nanotechnology and human health: scientific evidence and risk governance. Bonn, Germany, 10–11 December 2012
Bakhtiari AB, Hsiao D, Jin G, Gates BD, Branda NR (2009) An efficient method based on the photothermal effect for the release of molecules from metal nanoparticle surfaces. Angew Chem
Int Ed 48:4166e9
Ballestri M, Baraldi A, Gatti AM, Furci L, Bagni A, Loria P, Rapanà R, Carulli N, Albertazzi A
(2001) Liver and kidney foreign bodies granulomatosis in a patient with malocclusion, bruxism, and worn dental prostheses. Gastroenterology 121:1234–1238
Banerjee P, Perez I, Henn-Lecordier L, Sun Bok L, Rubloff G (2009) Nanotubular metal–insulator–metal capacitor arrays for energy storage. Nat Nanotechnol 4:292–296
Bar-Ilan O, Albrecht RM, Fako VE, Furgeson DY (2009) Toxicity assessments of multisized gold
and silver nanoparticles in zebrafish embryos. Small 5(16):1897–1910
Barnard AS, Guo H (2012) Nature’s nanostructures. Pan Stanford Publishing, Singapore
Batsura YD, Kruglikov GG, Arutiunov VD (1981) Morphology of experimental pneumoconiosis
following inhalation of lunar soil. Bull Exp Biol Med 92:1294–1297
Beddoes CM, Case CP, Briscoe WH (2015) Understanding nanoparticle cellular entry: a physicochemical perspective. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 218:48–68
2 Nanomaterials and Human Health