30
nanostructures can be used as optical switch or sensor due to their optical properties. 1D ZnS nanobelts have shown to be sensitive to both 320 nm UV light and
600 nm visible light (Fang et al. 2009a, b). This property provides ZnS nanobelts to
be used as light-activated optoelectronic switch.
Nanowires, nanorods, and nanobelts have become common in building high sensitive and high selective sensors owing to their relatively high surface area-tovolume ratios. Some examples of application of these nanomaterials include
field-effect transistors, field emitter, diodes, solar cells, generators, gas sensor, biosensors, and photodetectors (Ahmad et al. 2018).
Nanotechnology can be exploited to offer new tastes and flavors. Moreover, it
can be used to enhance shelf-life and food hygiene by providing strong and light
packaging (Chaudhry 2012).
Carbon nanotubes are relatively strong and flexible. These features help them to
be used in sport goods such as tennis rackets, hockey sticks, and fishing rods. Lighter
and stronger sporting goods can be produced, thanks to nanotechnology
(Aithal 2016).
Another area on which nanotechnology applied is automobile industry.
Integrating nanoparticle with automobile paint improves the scratch-resistant property. Because of their reduced size, they are extremely effective in clearing blemishes in paint finishes (Coelho et al. 2012).
Distinctive features of nanomaterials help them to be used in many areas. One of
the areas which directly affects the public is textile industry. Nowadays, clothing
companies have introduced nanotech fabrics which are non-stain, able to repel liquids, and even more comfortable. Textiles modified by nanoparticles have antibacterial, deodorizing, thermal-regulating and static-free, wear-resistant properties.
Anti-bacterial attributes of silver, zinc and zinc oxide make them competitive candidates for new-generation bandages. The special design of bandages with silver
nanoparticles enables them to protect the injured tissue against outside microorganisms and facilitates fast healing (Rigo et al. 2013).
Nanotechnology allows us to tune physical, chemical, and mechanical properties
of nanoparticles. Thus, nanoparticles of desired attributes such as water-repellent,
stain-resistant, corrosion resistant, and self-cleaning can be produced by tailoring
their functions. All of these features make them prospective candidates for coating
materials. These coatings can be employed on the walls, door, windows, metallic
water pipes, cars, and aircrafts and even in inner parts of vehicle like engine.
Conventional automobile engines waste significant amount of gasoline due to lack
of efficient combustion and cause environmental pollution by emission of carbon,
carbon monoxide, and unreacted fuel. Because conventional spark plug electrodes
used in burning gasoline are defective and decrease the combustion efficiency, it has
become important to replace them with ones that are stronger, harder, and wearresistant. Because nanomaterials have tunable superior properties, they can be
designed to offer solution to the problem. Using additive such as cerium (IV) oxide
nanoparticles as catalyst also improves the combustion efficiency (Mei et al. 2016).
Another problem is related energy waste due to loss of heat. This problem can be
handled by coating engine cylinders with suitable nanocrystal materials which hold
S. Tekmen and S. Öksüz
nanostructures can be used as optical switch or sensor due to their optical properties. 1D ZnS nanobelts have shown to be sensitive to both 320 nm UV light and
600 nm visible light (Fang et al. 2009a, b). This property provides ZnS nanobelts to
be used as light-activated optoelectronic switch.
Nanowires, nanorods, and nanobelts have become common in building high sensitive and high selective sensors owing to their relatively high surface area-tovolume ratios. Some examples of application of these nanomaterials include
field-effect transistors, field emitter, diodes, solar cells, generators, gas sensor, biosensors, and photodetectors (Ahmad et al. 2018).
Nanotechnology can be exploited to offer new tastes and flavors. Moreover, it
can be used to enhance shelf-life and food hygiene by providing strong and light
packaging (Chaudhry 2012).
Carbon nanotubes are relatively strong and flexible. These features help them to
be used in sport goods such as tennis rackets, hockey sticks, and fishing rods. Lighter
and stronger sporting goods can be produced, thanks to nanotechnology
(Aithal 2016).
Another area on which nanotechnology applied is automobile industry.
Integrating nanoparticle with automobile paint improves the scratch-resistant property. Because of their reduced size, they are extremely effective in clearing blemishes in paint finishes (Coelho et al. 2012).
Distinctive features of nanomaterials help them to be used in many areas. One of
the areas which directly affects the public is textile industry. Nowadays, clothing
companies have introduced nanotech fabrics which are non-stain, able to repel liquids, and even more comfortable. Textiles modified by nanoparticles have antibacterial, deodorizing, thermal-regulating and static-free, wear-resistant properties.
Anti-bacterial attributes of silver, zinc and zinc oxide make them competitive candidates for new-generation bandages. The special design of bandages with silver
nanoparticles enables them to protect the injured tissue against outside microorganisms and facilitates fast healing (Rigo et al. 2013).
Nanotechnology allows us to tune physical, chemical, and mechanical properties
of nanoparticles. Thus, nanoparticles of desired attributes such as water-repellent,
stain-resistant, corrosion resistant, and self-cleaning can be produced by tailoring
their functions. All of these features make them prospective candidates for coating
materials. These coatings can be employed on the walls, door, windows, metallic
water pipes, cars, and aircrafts and even in inner parts of vehicle like engine.
Conventional automobile engines waste significant amount of gasoline due to lack
of efficient combustion and cause environmental pollution by emission of carbon,
carbon monoxide, and unreacted fuel. Because conventional spark plug electrodes
used in burning gasoline are defective and decrease the combustion efficiency, it has
become important to replace them with ones that are stronger, harder, and wearresistant. Because nanomaterials have tunable superior properties, they can be
designed to offer solution to the problem. Using additive such as cerium (IV) oxide
nanoparticles as catalyst also improves the combustion efficiency (Mei et al. 2016).
Another problem is related energy waste due to loss of heat. This problem can be
handled by coating engine cylinders with suitable nanocrystal materials which hold
S. Tekmen and S. Öksüz