U
Ultramafic Rocky materials containing Magnesium and Ferric compounds.
UN-FCCC United Nations Framework on Climate Change.
Unit-cell
Basic motif that is repeated in the tree spatial dimensions, characteristic of any crystalline species. It may contain one-or-more unit
formula of a species such as metal oxides.
V
Valence
The capacity of an atom of making covalent bonds. It is given,
in general, by the number of electrons in the uncomplete level
of energy. In ionic compounds the valence is given by the
charge of the cation or anion.
Value-chain
A chain of processes that can convert a raw material or a waste
in a sequence of added-value products with multiple use.
Vector of energy A non-natural resource/material that can produce energy
typically by combustion (e.g., H 2 ).
Visible light
Light seen by human eyes.
W
Water-Gas-Shift A process that maximizes the formation of H 2 from coal or
methane in their reaction with water. Typically, it is based on
the further reaction of CO with H 2 O to afford H 2 and CO 2 .
Weathering
Natural process in which a basic natural silicate is converted
into a carbonate and silica by reaction with atmospheric CO 2
and water.
Wet-Reforming
A process in which methane is reacted with water at high
temperature to afford Syngas (H 2 + CO).
Z
Zero emission A process in which in which energy is generated without net
emission of CO 2 to the atmosphere.
Appendix I
259
Ultramafic Rocky materials containing Magnesium and Ferric compounds.
UN-FCCC United Nations Framework on Climate Change.
Unit-cell
Basic motif that is repeated in the tree spatial dimensions, characteristic of any crystalline species. It may contain one-or-more unit
formula of a species such as metal oxides.
V
Valence
The capacity of an atom of making covalent bonds. It is given,
in general, by the number of electrons in the uncomplete level
of energy. In ionic compounds the valence is given by the
charge of the cation or anion.
Value-chain
A chain of processes that can convert a raw material or a waste
in a sequence of added-value products with multiple use.
Vector of energy A non-natural resource/material that can produce energy
typically by combustion (e.g., H 2 ).
Visible light
Light seen by human eyes.
W
Water-Gas-Shift A process that maximizes the formation of H 2 from coal or
methane in their reaction with water. Typically, it is based on
the further reaction of CO with H 2 O to afford H 2 and CO 2 .
Weathering
Natural process in which a basic natural silicate is converted
into a carbonate and silica by reaction with atmospheric CO 2
and water.
Wet-Reforming
A process in which methane is reacted with water at high
temperature to afford Syngas (H 2 + CO).
Z
Zero emission A process in which in which energy is generated without net
emission of CO 2 to the atmosphere.
Appendix I
259