HWP
Half-wave Plate: optical device that alters the polarization of light.
i.i.d.
independent and identically distributed.
KG
Key Generation (round): the intended round of a QKD protocol is
devoted to the generation of a key bit.
LHV
Local Hidden Variable (model): any physical model whose probability distributions assume Bell locality and no-signaling constraints
at the microstate level.
MABK
Mermin-Ardehali-Belinskii-Klyshko (inequality): a multipartite generalization of the CHSH inequality.
MDI-QKD Measurement-device-independent QKD: a QKD paradigm where the
security of the protocol does not rely on the trustworthiness of the
quantum measurement devices.
PA
Privacy Amplification: the classical task of enhancing the privacy
(secrecy) of a bitstring.
PBS
Polarizing Beam Splitter: optical device that splits incoming light into
two beams with orthogonal polarizations.
PE
Parameter Estimation: a classical post-processing step of QKD where
the honest parties estimate the noise affecting the quantum channel.
PLOB
Pirandola-Laurenza-Ottaviani-Banchi (bound): an upper bound on
the private capacity of a pure-loss bosonic channel.
PNS
Photon Number Splitting (attack): an attack on a QKD system
performed by an eavesdropper who wants to learn the secret key.
POVM
Positive Operator-Valued Measure: the most general measure in
quantum mechanics.
PST
Post-selection Technique: a theoretical result linking the security of a
QKD protocol under collective attacks to its security under coherent
attacks.
QBER
Quantum Bit Error Rate: the error rate affecting two bitstrings
obtained as a result of the same quantum measurement performed on
two different sets of quantum systems (e.g. Alice’s systems and Bob’s
systems).
QKD
Quantum Key Distribution: the task of establishing a secret key
among two parties with quantum resources.
QWP
Quarter-wave Plate: optical device that alters the polarization of light.
SPD
Single-photon Detector: device capable of detecting the arrival of just
one photon.
SPDC
Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion: optical process that
converts a photon of high energy entering a non-linear crystal into
two photons of lower energy.
TF-QKD
Twin-field QKD: a QKD approach based on single-photon interference between optical fields with the same random phase (twin fields).
VOA
Variable Optical Attenuator: optical device that modulates the
intensity of light.
xvi
Acronyms
Half-wave Plate: optical device that alters the polarization of light.
i.i.d.
independent and identically distributed.
KG
Key Generation (round): the intended round of a QKD protocol is
devoted to the generation of a key bit.
LHV
Local Hidden Variable (model): any physical model whose probability distributions assume Bell locality and no-signaling constraints
at the microstate level.
MABK
Mermin-Ardehali-Belinskii-Klyshko (inequality): a multipartite generalization of the CHSH inequality.
MDI-QKD Measurement-device-independent QKD: a QKD paradigm where the
security of the protocol does not rely on the trustworthiness of the
quantum measurement devices.
PA
Privacy Amplification: the classical task of enhancing the privacy
(secrecy) of a bitstring.
PBS
Polarizing Beam Splitter: optical device that splits incoming light into
two beams with orthogonal polarizations.
PE
Parameter Estimation: a classical post-processing step of QKD where
the honest parties estimate the noise affecting the quantum channel.
PLOB
Pirandola-Laurenza-Ottaviani-Banchi (bound): an upper bound on
the private capacity of a pure-loss bosonic channel.
PNS
Photon Number Splitting (attack): an attack on a QKD system
performed by an eavesdropper who wants to learn the secret key.
POVM
Positive Operator-Valued Measure: the most general measure in
quantum mechanics.
PST
Post-selection Technique: a theoretical result linking the security of a
QKD protocol under collective attacks to its security under coherent
attacks.
QBER
Quantum Bit Error Rate: the error rate affecting two bitstrings
obtained as a result of the same quantum measurement performed on
two different sets of quantum systems (e.g. Alice’s systems and Bob’s
systems).
QKD
Quantum Key Distribution: the task of establishing a secret key
among two parties with quantum resources.
QWP
Quarter-wave Plate: optical device that alters the polarization of light.
SPD
Single-photon Detector: device capable of detecting the arrival of just
one photon.
SPDC
Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion: optical process that
converts a photon of high energy entering a non-linear crystal into
two photons of lower energy.
TF-QKD
Twin-field QKD: a QKD approach based on single-photon interference between optical fields with the same random phase (twin fields).
VOA
Variable Optical Attenuator: optical device that modulates the
intensity of light.
xvi
Acronyms