E1C12 09/14/2010
13:54:10 Page 519
COMMENT This example can be used to illustrate several useful principles for data analysis.
Consider the effects of adding noise, or a degree of random error, to measured data; such a signal is
shown in Figure 12.12. In general, noise tends to be minimized through a process of integration and
amplified through differentiation. Figure 12.13 shows the result of integrating the noisy data from
Figure 12.12 Deterministic signal with added noise.
Uncertainty in velocity (cm/s)
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
Time (s)
Figure 12.11 Uncertainty in
velocity as a function of time.
12.2 Sensors 519
13:54:10 Page 519
COMMENT This example can be used to illustrate several useful principles for data analysis.
Consider the effects of adding noise, or a degree of random error, to measured data; such a signal is
shown in Figure 12.12. In general, noise tends to be minimized through a process of integration and
amplified through differentiation. Figure 12.13 shows the result of integrating the noisy data from
Figure 12.12 Deterministic signal with added noise.
Uncertainty in velocity (cm/s)
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
Time (s)
Figure 12.11 Uncertainty in
velocity as a function of time.
12.2 Sensors 519