144
5 Spin-Transfer Torque
4. What are the applications of spin-transfer torque process?
5. What are the limitations in using transfer torque mechanism in spintronic
devices?
6. How STT process can excite parallel orientation between the magnetic moments
of two ferromagnetic layers? Hence, mention the condition for exciting
antiparallel orientation of magnetic moments of the same ferromagnetic layers.
7. Define Magnetization Reversal Process.
References
B. Huang, D.J. Monsma, I. Appelbaum, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 177209 (2007); X. Waintal, E.B. Myers,
P.W. Brouwer, D.C. Ralph, Phys. Rev. B 62 12317 (2000)
L. Joly, J.K. Ha, M. Alouani, J. Kortus, W. Weber, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 137206 (2006a)
L. Joly, L. Tati Bismaths, W. Weber, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 187404 (2006b)
J.A. Katine, F.J. Albert, R.A. Buhrman et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3149 (2000)
Y. Kato, R.C. Meyers, A.C. Gossard, D.D. Awschalom, Nature (London) 427, 50 (2004)
J.M. Kikkawa, D.D. Awschalom, Nature (London) 397, 139 (1999)
S.I. Kiselev, J.C. Sankey, I.N. Krivorotov et al., Nature 425, 380 (2003)
I.N. Krivorotov, N.C. Emley, J.C. Sankey, S.I. Kiselev et al., Science 307, 228 (2005)
E.B. Myers, D.C. Ralph, J.A. Katine, R.N. Louie, R.A. Buhrman, Science 285, 867 (1999)
A.V. Nazarov, H.S. Cho, J. Nowak, S. Stokes, N. Tabat, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4559 (2002)
J.C. Slonczewski, Phys. Rev. B 39, 6995–7002 (1989)
J.C. Slonczewski, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 159 L1–L7 (1996); S. Datta, D. Das, Appl. Phys. Lett.
56, 665 (1990)
J.C. Slonczewski, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 247, 324 (2002)
J.C. Slonczewski, Phys. Rev. B 71, 024411(1–10) (2005)
S. Urazhdin, N.O. Birge, W.P. Pratt Jr., J. Bass, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 146803 (2003)
W. Weber, S. Riesen, H.C. Siegmann, Science 291, 1015 (2001)
J.G. Zhu, X.C. Zhu, IEEE Trans. Magn. 40, 182 (2004)
5 Spin-Transfer Torque
4. What are the applications of spin-transfer torque process?
5. What are the limitations in using transfer torque mechanism in spintronic
devices?
6. How STT process can excite parallel orientation between the magnetic moments
of two ferromagnetic layers? Hence, mention the condition for exciting
antiparallel orientation of magnetic moments of the same ferromagnetic layers.
7. Define Magnetization Reversal Process.
References
B. Huang, D.J. Monsma, I. Appelbaum, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 177209 (2007); X. Waintal, E.B. Myers,
P.W. Brouwer, D.C. Ralph, Phys. Rev. B 62 12317 (2000)
L. Joly, J.K. Ha, M. Alouani, J. Kortus, W. Weber, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 137206 (2006a)
L. Joly, L. Tati Bismaths, W. Weber, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 187404 (2006b)
J.A. Katine, F.J. Albert, R.A. Buhrman et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3149 (2000)
Y. Kato, R.C. Meyers, A.C. Gossard, D.D. Awschalom, Nature (London) 427, 50 (2004)
J.M. Kikkawa, D.D. Awschalom, Nature (London) 397, 139 (1999)
S.I. Kiselev, J.C. Sankey, I.N. Krivorotov et al., Nature 425, 380 (2003)
I.N. Krivorotov, N.C. Emley, J.C. Sankey, S.I. Kiselev et al., Science 307, 228 (2005)
E.B. Myers, D.C. Ralph, J.A. Katine, R.N. Louie, R.A. Buhrman, Science 285, 867 (1999)
A.V. Nazarov, H.S. Cho, J. Nowak, S. Stokes, N. Tabat, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4559 (2002)
J.C. Slonczewski, Phys. Rev. B 39, 6995–7002 (1989)
J.C. Slonczewski, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 159 L1–L7 (1996); S. Datta, D. Das, Appl. Phys. Lett.
56, 665 (1990)
J.C. Slonczewski, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 247, 324 (2002)
J.C. Slonczewski, Phys. Rev. B 71, 024411(1–10) (2005)
S. Urazhdin, N.O. Birge, W.P. Pratt Jr., J. Bass, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 146803 (2003)
W. Weber, S. Riesen, H.C. Siegmann, Science 291, 1015 (2001)
J.G. Zhu, X.C. Zhu, IEEE Trans. Magn. 40, 182 (2004)