Fig. 11.20 a–f Submerged longline devices and the collector harnesses, which were developed at
sea. One end of the backbone was attached to the wind turbine foundation. a Shows a
polypropylene-based longline with coupling elements b and its equipment and connection with
floats/collectors (c–d); e displays a steel hawser-based longline; f shows a longline with
polypropylene (PP) as a backbone and V-shaped spat collectors. Images were modified after Buck
2007 and Buck et al. 2010. All images are not to scale
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