structure of brains, analyzing the mechanisms of biological processes of brains such as
growing, learning and memorizing, and building models to simulate the structure and
mechanism of brains [6–10].
Brain-inspired intelligence is featured by self-learning, self-adaption, collaborative
cognition of multiple brain areas, etc. It provides a technical approach for command
and control systems to borrow the experience from cognition processes of human
brains, to achieve the intelligent operation of functional domains such as situation
awareness, command, and decision-making, action control, support and guarantee, as
well as collaborative operation between them.
2 Development Tendency of Intelligentization of Command
and Control System
Military command and control system has been developing from the first generation,
which is featured by single-arm and single-point, to the fourth generation under
comprehensive construction nowadays, which is featured by inter-arm flat networking
[11]. It has entered the stage of system of systems (SoS) construction. The command
and control system will realize intelligent sharing across war zones in the future. This
sharing will be knowledge sharing, rather than information sharing merely, thus
facilitating advantages in decision-making and head start over the enemy.
In order to realize the knowledge sharing and ability evolution, the command and
control system should achieve the transformation from specialized intelligence to
general intelligence, and transformation from intelligence of point to intelligence of
SoS [12].
(1) From specialized intelligence to general intelligence
At present several specialized AI modules have already been introduced into the
command and control system, changing some kinds of information into knowledge,
such as prediction of plane types and prediction of flight paths. These modules can only
deal with specific issues and are not universal. Thus we call them specialized AI
systems. With the complication of the environment of battlefield, command staffs may
raise new intelligentized requirements at any time based on the actual situation, rendering the problem of exploding demands. This requires that AI systems be universal,
in order to quickly understand knowledge in different forms, and quickly make
decisions.
(2) From intelligence of point to intelligence of SoS
Now AI modules are especially aiming at single domains and providing local intelligent services such as activity pattern analysis, target identification, intelligent issues,
study and judgment of situations, etc. The intelligence ability of SoS have still not
formed. In the future, faced with combat between SoS, we will develop intelligence
abilities such as operational planning based on swarm intelligence, feedback learning
based on combat effects, manned and unmanned autonomous collaborated engagement,
etc.
386
S. Wang et al.
growing, learning and memorizing, and building models to simulate the structure and
mechanism of brains [6–10].
Brain-inspired intelligence is featured by self-learning, self-adaption, collaborative
cognition of multiple brain areas, etc. It provides a technical approach for command
and control systems to borrow the experience from cognition processes of human
brains, to achieve the intelligent operation of functional domains such as situation
awareness, command, and decision-making, action control, support and guarantee, as
well as collaborative operation between them.
2 Development Tendency of Intelligentization of Command
and Control System
Military command and control system has been developing from the first generation,
which is featured by single-arm and single-point, to the fourth generation under
comprehensive construction nowadays, which is featured by inter-arm flat networking
[11]. It has entered the stage of system of systems (SoS) construction. The command
and control system will realize intelligent sharing across war zones in the future. This
sharing will be knowledge sharing, rather than information sharing merely, thus
facilitating advantages in decision-making and head start over the enemy.
In order to realize the knowledge sharing and ability evolution, the command and
control system should achieve the transformation from specialized intelligence to
general intelligence, and transformation from intelligence of point to intelligence of
SoS [12].
(1) From specialized intelligence to general intelligence
At present several specialized AI modules have already been introduced into the
command and control system, changing some kinds of information into knowledge,
such as prediction of plane types and prediction of flight paths. These modules can only
deal with specific issues and are not universal. Thus we call them specialized AI
systems. With the complication of the environment of battlefield, command staffs may
raise new intelligentized requirements at any time based on the actual situation, rendering the problem of exploding demands. This requires that AI systems be universal,
in order to quickly understand knowledge in different forms, and quickly make
decisions.
(2) From intelligence of point to intelligence of SoS
Now AI modules are especially aiming at single domains and providing local intelligent services such as activity pattern analysis, target identification, intelligent issues,
study and judgment of situations, etc. The intelligence ability of SoS have still not
formed. In the future, faced with combat between SoS, we will develop intelligence
abilities such as operational planning based on swarm intelligence, feedback learning
based on combat effects, manned and unmanned autonomous collaborated engagement,
etc.
386
S. Wang et al.