4.10 Summary
111
mechanical properties while increasing the HNT content, beyond which it
decreases tensile strength, elongation at break and tensile toughness of PVA/HNT
bionanocomposites, resulting from debonding effect between nanofillers and
polymer matrices. Moreover, thermal properties in term of degree of crystallinity,
melting temperature and thermal stability of PVA/HNT bionanocomposites are
enhanced, as compared with those of neat PVA films with increasing the HNT
content.
• Morphological structures of PVA/Cloisite 30B clay bionanocomposites demonstrate uniform clay dispersion within PVA matrices with the formation of
combined clay exfoliated and intercalated structures. These results are in good
accordance with those obtained from XRD results. The tensile strengths and
Young’s moduli of PVA/Cloisite 30B clay bionanocomposite films are enhanced
considerably with increasing the clay content up to 5 wt%, while the elongation at
break and fracture toughness have been found to decrease accordingly. Thermal
properties of PVA/Cloisite 30B clay bionanocomposites are improved compared
to those of neat PVA films due to strong hydrogen bonding interactions between
PVA matrices and nanofillers.
• The effect of different nanofiller shapes and structures on properties of PVA/NBC
bionanocomposite films has also been investigated, which reveals that the
maximum tensile strength and tensile modulus can be achieved with the incorporation of NBCs. This can be related to the large amount of interphase resulting
from a high degree of filler dispersion in case of PVA/NBC bionanocomposites
in contrast with those reinforced with HNTs and Cloisite 30B clays. Moreover,
thermal stability of PVA/NBC bionanocomposites is remarkably enhanced with
the inclusion of NBCs when compared to those incorporated with HNTs and
Cloisite 30B clays. This can be ascribed to uniform dispersion of NBCs to generate
more efficient interfacial regions than other nanofillers.
References
1. Mousa MH, Dong Y, Davies IJ (2016) Recent advances in bionanocomposites: preparation,
properties, and applications. Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomater 65(5):225–254
2. Liu H, Brinson LC (2008) Reinforcing efficiency of nanoparticles: a simple comparison for
polymer nanocomposites. Compos Sci Technol 68(6):1502–1512
3. Dung MX, Choi JK, Jeong HD (2013) Newly synthesized silicon quantum dot–polystyrene
nanocomposite having thermally robust positive charge trapping. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
5(7):2400–2409
4. Mousa M, Dong Y (2017) Strong poly (vinyl alcohol)(PVA)/bamboo charcoal (BC) nanocomposite films with particle size effect. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 6(1):467–479
5. Mousa M, Dong Y, Davies IJ (2018) Eco-friendly polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/bamboo charcoal
(BC) nanocomposites with superior mechanical and thermal properties. Adv Compos Mater
27(5):499–509
6. Maliakal A, Katz H, Cotts PM, Subramoney S, Mirau P (2005) Inorganic oxide core, polymer
shell nanocomposite as a high K gate dielectric for flexible electronics applications. JACS
127(42):14655–14662
111
mechanical properties while increasing the HNT content, beyond which it
decreases tensile strength, elongation at break and tensile toughness of PVA/HNT
bionanocomposites, resulting from debonding effect between nanofillers and
polymer matrices. Moreover, thermal properties in term of degree of crystallinity,
melting temperature and thermal stability of PVA/HNT bionanocomposites are
enhanced, as compared with those of neat PVA films with increasing the HNT
content.
• Morphological structures of PVA/Cloisite 30B clay bionanocomposites demonstrate uniform clay dispersion within PVA matrices with the formation of
combined clay exfoliated and intercalated structures. These results are in good
accordance with those obtained from XRD results. The tensile strengths and
Young’s moduli of PVA/Cloisite 30B clay bionanocomposite films are enhanced
considerably with increasing the clay content up to 5 wt%, while the elongation at
break and fracture toughness have been found to decrease accordingly. Thermal
properties of PVA/Cloisite 30B clay bionanocomposites are improved compared
to those of neat PVA films due to strong hydrogen bonding interactions between
PVA matrices and nanofillers.
• The effect of different nanofiller shapes and structures on properties of PVA/NBC
bionanocomposite films has also been investigated, which reveals that the
maximum tensile strength and tensile modulus can be achieved with the incorporation of NBCs. This can be related to the large amount of interphase resulting
from a high degree of filler dispersion in case of PVA/NBC bionanocomposites
in contrast with those reinforced with HNTs and Cloisite 30B clays. Moreover,
thermal stability of PVA/NBC bionanocomposites is remarkably enhanced with
the inclusion of NBCs when compared to those incorporated with HNTs and
Cloisite 30B clays. This can be ascribed to uniform dispersion of NBCs to generate
more efficient interfacial regions than other nanofillers.
References
1. Mousa MH, Dong Y, Davies IJ (2016) Recent advances in bionanocomposites: preparation,
properties, and applications. Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomater 65(5):225–254
2. Liu H, Brinson LC (2008) Reinforcing efficiency of nanoparticles: a simple comparison for
polymer nanocomposites. Compos Sci Technol 68(6):1502–1512
3. Dung MX, Choi JK, Jeong HD (2013) Newly synthesized silicon quantum dot–polystyrene
nanocomposite having thermally robust positive charge trapping. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
5(7):2400–2409
4. Mousa M, Dong Y (2017) Strong poly (vinyl alcohol)(PVA)/bamboo charcoal (BC) nanocomposite films with particle size effect. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 6(1):467–479
5. Mousa M, Dong Y, Davies IJ (2018) Eco-friendly polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/bamboo charcoal
(BC) nanocomposites with superior mechanical and thermal properties. Adv Compos Mater
27(5):499–509
6. Maliakal A, Katz H, Cotts PM, Subramoney S, Mirau P (2005) Inorganic oxide core, polymer
shell nanocomposite as a high K gate dielectric for flexible electronics applications. JACS
127(42):14655–14662