17 A Framework for Dynamic Simulation of Interconnected …
619
Table 2
(continued)
Schematic
Type
Description
Cyclone
Steady state The cyclone model is based on the model presented by Muschelknautz
[42]. It is applicable for cyclones with tangential, axial and spiral inlet.
There are two mechanisms of separation considered, namely the separation
due to a surpassing threshold in solids loading and the separation in the
inner cyclone vortex. Multiple geometric parameters of the cyclone can be
defined in the user interface
Electrostatic precipitator
Dynamic
The model of the electrostatic precipitator [49] considers a preliminary
separation of the particles according to Deutsch [12]. They reside in a layer
of particles and may be resuspended to the gas stream depending on the
layer thickness
Granulator
Dynamic
This unit represents a simplified model of a fluidized bed granulation
reactor. The model is based on the work of Heinrich et al. [21]. It accounts
for particle growth and for possible overspray, which may lead to
additional dust formation in the system. The attrition of particles and the
formation of nuclei is neglected
Heat exchanger
Steady state The heat exchanger is based on a simplified approach calculating a heat
flow for the ideal case, in which both output streams leave the system with
the same temperature. A user-defined heat transfer efficiency parameter
reduces the heat flow to account for output streams with different
temperatures
(continued)
619
Table 2
(continued)
Schematic
Type
Description
Cyclone
Steady state The cyclone model is based on the model presented by Muschelknautz
[42]. It is applicable for cyclones with tangential, axial and spiral inlet.
There are two mechanisms of separation considered, namely the separation
due to a surpassing threshold in solids loading and the separation in the
inner cyclone vortex. Multiple geometric parameters of the cyclone can be
defined in the user interface
Electrostatic precipitator
Dynamic
The model of the electrostatic precipitator [49] considers a preliminary
separation of the particles according to Deutsch [12]. They reside in a layer
of particles and may be resuspended to the gas stream depending on the
layer thickness
Granulator
Dynamic
This unit represents a simplified model of a fluidized bed granulation
reactor. The model is based on the work of Heinrich et al. [21]. It accounts
for particle growth and for possible overspray, which may lead to
additional dust formation in the system. The attrition of particles and the
formation of nuclei is neglected
Heat exchanger
Steady state The heat exchanger is based on a simplified approach calculating a heat
flow for the ideal case, in which both output streams leave the system with
the same temperature. A user-defined heat transfer efficiency parameter
reduces the heat flow to account for output streams with different
temperatures
(continued)