146
5 Nucleation of Gas Hydrates
53. Y. Bi, T. Li, Probing methane hydrate nucleation through the forward flux sampling method.
J. Phys. Chem. B 118, 13324–13332 (2014)
54. D. Kashchiev, A. Firoozabadi, Nucleation of gas hydrates. J. Cryst. Growth 243, 476–489
(2002)
55. D. Kashchiev, A. Firoozabadi, Driving force for crystallization of gas hydrates. J. Cryst.
Growth 241, 220–230 (2002)
56. N. Maeda, Nucleation curve of carbon dioxide hydrate from a linear cooling ramp method. J.
Phys. Chem. A 123, 7911–7919 (2019)
57. B. Sowa, X.H. Zhang, D.E. Dunstan, K. Kozieski, P.G. Hartley, N. Maeda, Formation of ice,
tetrahydrofuran hydrate, and methane/propane mixed gas hydrates in strong monovalent salt
solutions. Energy Fuels 28, 6877–6888 (2014)
58. L.A. Stern, S.H. Kirby, W.B. Durham, Peculiarities of methane clathrate hydrate formation and
solid-state deformation, including possible superheating of water ice. Science 273, 1843–1848
(1996)
59. A. Hachikubo, K. Yamada, T. Miura, K. Hyakutake, K. Abe, H. Shoji, Formation and dissociation processes of gas hydrate composed of methane and carbon dioxide below freezing.
Ocean Polar Res. 26, 515–521 (2004)
60. N. Maeda, M.A. Kelland, C.D. Wood, Ranking of kinetic hydrate inhibitors using a high
pressure differential scanning calorimeter. Chem. Eng. Sci. 183, 30–36 (2018)
61. L.E. Dieker, Z.M. Aman, N.C. George, A.K. Sum, E.D. Sloan, C.A. Koh, Micromechanical adhesion force measurements between hydrate particles in hydrocarbon oils and their
modifications. Energy Fuels 23, 5966–5971 (2009)
62. S. Takeya, A. Hori, T. Hondoh, T. Uchida, Freezing-memory effect of water on nucleation of
CO 2 hydrate crystals. J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 4164–4168 (2000)
63. P.M. Rodger, Methane hydrate—melting and memory, in Gas Hydrates: Challenges for the
Future, ed. by G.D. Holder, P.R. Bishnoi (2000), pp. 474–482
64. R. Ohmura, M. Ogawa, K. Yasuoka, Y.H. Mori, Statistical study of clathrate-hydrate nucleation in a water/hydrochlorofluorocarbon system: search for the nature of the “memory effect”.
J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 5289–5293 (2003)
65. B. Sowa, N. Maeda, Statistical study of the memory effect in model natural gas hydrate
systems. J. Phys. Chem. A 119, 10784–10790 (2015)
66. P. Buchanan, A.K. Soper, H. Thompson, R.E. Westacott, J.L. Creek, G. Hobson, C.A. Koh,
Search for memory effects in methane hydrate: structure of water before hydrate formation
and after hydrate decomposition. J. Chem. Phys. 123 (2005)
67. H. Thompson, A.K. Soper, P. Buchanan, N. Aldiwan, J.L. Creek, C.A. Koh, Methane hydrate
formation and decomposition: structural studies via neutron diffraction and empirical potential
structure refinement. J. Chem. Phys. 124 (2006)
68. Y.Y. He, E.S.J. Rudolph, P.L.J. Zitha, M. Golombok, Kinetics of CO(2) and methane hydrate
formation: an experimental analysis in the bulk phase. Fuel 90, 272–279 (2011)
69. Q.A. Wu, B.Y. Zhang, Memory effect on the pressure-temperature condition and induction
time of gas hydrate nucleation. J. Nat. Gas Chem. 19, 446–451 (2010)
70. H. Sefidroodi, E. Abrahamsen, M.A. Kelland, Investigation into the strength and source of
the memory effect for cyclopentane hydrate. Chem. Eng. Sci. 87, 133–140 (2013)
71. M. Bylov, P. Rasmussen, Experimental determination of refractive index of gas hydrates.
Chem. Eng. Sci. 52, 3295–3301 (1997)
72. O. Fandino, L. Ruffine, Methane hydrate nucleation and growth from the bulk phase: further
insights into their mechanisms. Fuel 117, 442–449 (2014)
73. P.W. Wilson, A.D.J. Haymet, Hydrate formation and re-formation in nucleating THF/water
mixtures show no evidence to support a “memory” effect. Chem. Eng. J. 161, 146–150 (2010)
74. J.S. Parent, P.R. Bishnoi, Investigations into the nucleation behaviour of methane gas hydrates.
Chem. Eng. Commun. 144, 51–64 (1996)
75. E.D. Sloan, S. Subramanian, P.N. Matthews, J.P. Lederhos, A.A. Khokhar, Quantifying
hydrate formation and kinetic inhibition. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 37, 3124–3132 (1998)
5 Nucleation of Gas Hydrates
53. Y. Bi, T. Li, Probing methane hydrate nucleation through the forward flux sampling method.
J. Phys. Chem. B 118, 13324–13332 (2014)
54. D. Kashchiev, A. Firoozabadi, Nucleation of gas hydrates. J. Cryst. Growth 243, 476–489
(2002)
55. D. Kashchiev, A. Firoozabadi, Driving force for crystallization of gas hydrates. J. Cryst.
Growth 241, 220–230 (2002)
56. N. Maeda, Nucleation curve of carbon dioxide hydrate from a linear cooling ramp method. J.
Phys. Chem. A 123, 7911–7919 (2019)
57. B. Sowa, X.H. Zhang, D.E. Dunstan, K. Kozieski, P.G. Hartley, N. Maeda, Formation of ice,
tetrahydrofuran hydrate, and methane/propane mixed gas hydrates in strong monovalent salt
solutions. Energy Fuels 28, 6877–6888 (2014)
58. L.A. Stern, S.H. Kirby, W.B. Durham, Peculiarities of methane clathrate hydrate formation and
solid-state deformation, including possible superheating of water ice. Science 273, 1843–1848
(1996)
59. A. Hachikubo, K. Yamada, T. Miura, K. Hyakutake, K. Abe, H. Shoji, Formation and dissociation processes of gas hydrate composed of methane and carbon dioxide below freezing.
Ocean Polar Res. 26, 515–521 (2004)
60. N. Maeda, M.A. Kelland, C.D. Wood, Ranking of kinetic hydrate inhibitors using a high
pressure differential scanning calorimeter. Chem. Eng. Sci. 183, 30–36 (2018)
61. L.E. Dieker, Z.M. Aman, N.C. George, A.K. Sum, E.D. Sloan, C.A. Koh, Micromechanical adhesion force measurements between hydrate particles in hydrocarbon oils and their
modifications. Energy Fuels 23, 5966–5971 (2009)
62. S. Takeya, A. Hori, T. Hondoh, T. Uchida, Freezing-memory effect of water on nucleation of
CO 2 hydrate crystals. J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 4164–4168 (2000)
63. P.M. Rodger, Methane hydrate—melting and memory, in Gas Hydrates: Challenges for the
Future, ed. by G.D. Holder, P.R. Bishnoi (2000), pp. 474–482
64. R. Ohmura, M. Ogawa, K. Yasuoka, Y.H. Mori, Statistical study of clathrate-hydrate nucleation in a water/hydrochlorofluorocarbon system: search for the nature of the “memory effect”.
J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 5289–5293 (2003)
65. B. Sowa, N. Maeda, Statistical study of the memory effect in model natural gas hydrate
systems. J. Phys. Chem. A 119, 10784–10790 (2015)
66. P. Buchanan, A.K. Soper, H. Thompson, R.E. Westacott, J.L. Creek, G. Hobson, C.A. Koh,
Search for memory effects in methane hydrate: structure of water before hydrate formation
and after hydrate decomposition. J. Chem. Phys. 123 (2005)
67. H. Thompson, A.K. Soper, P. Buchanan, N. Aldiwan, J.L. Creek, C.A. Koh, Methane hydrate
formation and decomposition: structural studies via neutron diffraction and empirical potential
structure refinement. J. Chem. Phys. 124 (2006)
68. Y.Y. He, E.S.J. Rudolph, P.L.J. Zitha, M. Golombok, Kinetics of CO(2) and methane hydrate
formation: an experimental analysis in the bulk phase. Fuel 90, 272–279 (2011)
69. Q.A. Wu, B.Y. Zhang, Memory effect on the pressure-temperature condition and induction
time of gas hydrate nucleation. J. Nat. Gas Chem. 19, 446–451 (2010)
70. H. Sefidroodi, E. Abrahamsen, M.A. Kelland, Investigation into the strength and source of
the memory effect for cyclopentane hydrate. Chem. Eng. Sci. 87, 133–140 (2013)
71. M. Bylov, P. Rasmussen, Experimental determination of refractive index of gas hydrates.
Chem. Eng. Sci. 52, 3295–3301 (1997)
72. O. Fandino, L. Ruffine, Methane hydrate nucleation and growth from the bulk phase: further
insights into their mechanisms. Fuel 117, 442–449 (2014)
73. P.W. Wilson, A.D.J. Haymet, Hydrate formation and re-formation in nucleating THF/water
mixtures show no evidence to support a “memory” effect. Chem. Eng. J. 161, 146–150 (2010)
74. J.S. Parent, P.R. Bishnoi, Investigations into the nucleation behaviour of methane gas hydrates.
Chem. Eng. Commun. 144, 51–64 (1996)
75. E.D. Sloan, S. Subramanian, P.N. Matthews, J.P. Lederhos, A.A. Khokhar, Quantifying
hydrate formation and kinetic inhibition. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 37, 3124–3132 (1998)