128
N. Bhardwaj et al.
32. Frigaard O, Grong O, Midling OT (1998, April) Modeling of the heat flow phenomena in friction
stir welding of aluminum alloys. In: Proceedings of the seventh international conference joints
in aluminum—INALCO, vol 98, pp 15–17
33. Gandin CA, Rappaz M (1994) A coupled finite element-cellular automaton model for the
prediction of dendritic grain structures in solidification processes. Actametallurgicaetmaterialia
42(7):2233–2246
34. Gould JE, Feng Z (1998) Heat flow model for friction stir welding of aluminum alloys. JMPMS
7(2):185–194
35. Gratecap F, Girard M, Marya S, Racineux G (2012) Exploring material flow in friction stir
welding: tool eccentricity and formation of banded structures. IntJ Mater Form 5(2):99–107
36. Grujicic M, He T, Arakere G, Yalavarthy HV, Yen C-F, Cheeseman BA (2010) Fully coupled
thermomechanical finite element analysis of material evolution during friction-stir welding of
AA5083. Proc IMechE Part B: J Eng Manuf 224:609–625
37. Guerdoux S, Fourment L, Miles M, Sorensen C (2004, June) Numerical simulation of the
friction stir welding process using both Lagrangian and arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulations. In: AIP conference proceedings, vol 712(1), pp 1259–1264. American Institute of
Physics
38. Guerdoux S, Fourment L (2005) ALE formulation for the numerical simulation of friction
stir welding. In: Oñate et al E (ed) Computational plasticity: fundamentals and applications:
proceedings of the eighth international conference on computational plasticity, COMPLAS
VIII, CIMNE, Barcelona
39. Hattel JH, Sonne MR, Tutum CC (2015) Modelling residual stresses in friction stir welding of
Al alloys—a review of possibilities and future trends. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 76(9–12):1793–
1805
40. He X, Gu F, Ball A (2014) A review of numerical analysis of friction stir welding. Prog Mater
Sci 65:1–66
41. Hossfeld M, Roos E (2013) A new approach to modelling friction stir welding using the CEL
method. In: Int. Conf. Adv. Manuf. Eng. Technol. NEWTECH. pp 179–190. https://doi.org/
10.18419/opus-8825
42. Hsu TT (2012) The finite element method in thermomechanics. Allen and Unwin, London
43. Jain R, Pal SK, Singh SB (2017) Finite element simulation of temperature and strain distribution
during friction stir welding of AA2024 aluminum alloy. J Inst Eng (India): Series C 98(1):37–43
44. Jain R, Pal SK, Singh SB (2018) Finite element simulation of pin shape influence on material
flow, forces in friction stir welding. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 94(5–8):1781–1797
45. Khan NZ, Siddiquee AN, Khan ZA (2017) Friction stir welding: dissimilar aluminium alloys.
CRC Press
46. Khandkar MZH, Khan JA (2001) Thermal modeling of overlap friction stir welding for Alalloys. JMPMS 10(2):91–105
47. Khandkar MZH, Khan JA, Reynolds AP (2003) Prediction of temperature distribution and
thermal history during friction stir welding: input torque based model. Sci Technol Weld Joining
8(3):165–174
48. Khoei AR, Anahid M, Mofid M (2003) An application of arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method
in numerical simulation of forming processes using cap plasticity model. In: 12th international
science conference on achievements in mechanical and materials engineering, AMME
49. Kwon YJ, Shigematsu I, Saito N (2004) Mechanical property improvements in aluminum alloy
through grain refinement using friction stir process. Mater Trans 45(7):2304–2311
50. Lan YJ, Li DZ, Li YY (2004) Modeling austenite decomposition into ferrite at different cooling
rate in low-carbon steel with cellular automaton method. Acta Mater 52(6):1721–1729
51. Liechty BC, Webb BW (2007) The use of plasticine as an analog to explore material flow in
friction stir welding. J Mater Process Technol 184(1–3):240–250
52. Lorrain O, Serri J, Favier V, Zahrouni H, Hadrouz ME (2009) A contribution to a critical review
of friction stir welding numerical simulation. J Mech Mater Struct 4(2): 351–370
53. Madej L, Hodgson PD, Pietrzyk M (2009) Development of the multi-scale analysis model to
simulate strain localization occurring during material processing. Arch Comput Methods Eng
16(3):287–318
N. Bhardwaj et al.
32. Frigaard O, Grong O, Midling OT (1998, April) Modeling of the heat flow phenomena in friction
stir welding of aluminum alloys. In: Proceedings of the seventh international conference joints
in aluminum—INALCO, vol 98, pp 15–17
33. Gandin CA, Rappaz M (1994) A coupled finite element-cellular automaton model for the
prediction of dendritic grain structures in solidification processes. Actametallurgicaetmaterialia
42(7):2233–2246
34. Gould JE, Feng Z (1998) Heat flow model for friction stir welding of aluminum alloys. JMPMS
7(2):185–194
35. Gratecap F, Girard M, Marya S, Racineux G (2012) Exploring material flow in friction stir
welding: tool eccentricity and formation of banded structures. IntJ Mater Form 5(2):99–107
36. Grujicic M, He T, Arakere G, Yalavarthy HV, Yen C-F, Cheeseman BA (2010) Fully coupled
thermomechanical finite element analysis of material evolution during friction-stir welding of
AA5083. Proc IMechE Part B: J Eng Manuf 224:609–625
37. Guerdoux S, Fourment L, Miles M, Sorensen C (2004, June) Numerical simulation of the
friction stir welding process using both Lagrangian and arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulations. In: AIP conference proceedings, vol 712(1), pp 1259–1264. American Institute of
Physics
38. Guerdoux S, Fourment L (2005) ALE formulation for the numerical simulation of friction
stir welding. In: Oñate et al E (ed) Computational plasticity: fundamentals and applications:
proceedings of the eighth international conference on computational plasticity, COMPLAS
VIII, CIMNE, Barcelona
39. Hattel JH, Sonne MR, Tutum CC (2015) Modelling residual stresses in friction stir welding of
Al alloys—a review of possibilities and future trends. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 76(9–12):1793–
1805
40. He X, Gu F, Ball A (2014) A review of numerical analysis of friction stir welding. Prog Mater
Sci 65:1–66
41. Hossfeld M, Roos E (2013) A new approach to modelling friction stir welding using the CEL
method. In: Int. Conf. Adv. Manuf. Eng. Technol. NEWTECH. pp 179–190. https://doi.org/
10.18419/opus-8825
42. Hsu TT (2012) The finite element method in thermomechanics. Allen and Unwin, London
43. Jain R, Pal SK, Singh SB (2017) Finite element simulation of temperature and strain distribution
during friction stir welding of AA2024 aluminum alloy. J Inst Eng (India): Series C 98(1):37–43
44. Jain R, Pal SK, Singh SB (2018) Finite element simulation of pin shape influence on material
flow, forces in friction stir welding. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 94(5–8):1781–1797
45. Khan NZ, Siddiquee AN, Khan ZA (2017) Friction stir welding: dissimilar aluminium alloys.
CRC Press
46. Khandkar MZH, Khan JA (2001) Thermal modeling of overlap friction stir welding for Alalloys. JMPMS 10(2):91–105
47. Khandkar MZH, Khan JA, Reynolds AP (2003) Prediction of temperature distribution and
thermal history during friction stir welding: input torque based model. Sci Technol Weld Joining
8(3):165–174
48. Khoei AR, Anahid M, Mofid M (2003) An application of arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method
in numerical simulation of forming processes using cap plasticity model. In: 12th international
science conference on achievements in mechanical and materials engineering, AMME
49. Kwon YJ, Shigematsu I, Saito N (2004) Mechanical property improvements in aluminum alloy
through grain refinement using friction stir process. Mater Trans 45(7):2304–2311
50. Lan YJ, Li DZ, Li YY (2004) Modeling austenite decomposition into ferrite at different cooling
rate in low-carbon steel with cellular automaton method. Acta Mater 52(6):1721–1729
51. Liechty BC, Webb BW (2007) The use of plasticine as an analog to explore material flow in
friction stir welding. J Mater Process Technol 184(1–3):240–250
52. Lorrain O, Serri J, Favier V, Zahrouni H, Hadrouz ME (2009) A contribution to a critical review
of friction stir welding numerical simulation. J Mech Mater Struct 4(2): 351–370
53. Madej L, Hodgson PD, Pietrzyk M (2009) Development of the multi-scale analysis model to
simulate strain localization occurring during material processing. Arch Comput Methods Eng
16(3):287–318