The idea of Tamm and Sakharov was to form a cushion of neutral gas in front of
the PFCs, so that the hot plasma arriving from the core would be cooled down in the
course of the interaction with the neutrals so that the temperature of the plasma
Magnetic lines of
force
Plasma
Plasma current,
toroidal magnetic
field directions
Vacuum Vessel
Poloidal magnetic
field coils
Toroidal magnetic
field coils
Central solenoid
Fig. 1.1 Schematic view of the structure of helical magnetic field lines (produced by both magnetic
coils and plasma current) which form nested magnetic flux surfaces in a tokamak. (Reproduced with
permission from [1], © IAEA 2012)
NEGATIVE COIL
SOLENOIDAL COILS
VACUUM WALL
VACUUM
PUMPS
VACUUM
PUMPS
LINES OF
MAGNETIC
FORCE
Fig. 1.2 Design of the divertor suggested by L. Spitzer for the stellarator. (Reproduced with
permission from [2], © AIP Publishing 1958)
2
1 Edge Plasma Issues in Magnetic Fusion Devices