Kenya 223
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10,000
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
GWh
Geothermal generaƟon
Hydro generaƟon
Biomass generaƟon
Oil generaƟon
Wind generaƟon
Electricity consumpƟon
Figure 13.1 Electricity generation and consumption in Kenya, 1990–2015.
Source: www.iea.org.
Since 2011, a number of plans have been established to meet this demand, the
latest being the updated Least Cost Power Development Plan (LCPDP)
2017–2037, published in 2018. In it, the long- term target for generation expansion is around 7213 MW by 2030 and 9932 MW by 2037, as shown in Figure
13.2 (Government of Kenya, 2018b). Also in 2018, the government announced
its third Medium- Term Plan (2018–2022) – its economic development vehicle
anchored within the Vision 2030 – giving great priority to expanding the
renewable energy sector.
3
Figure 13.2 shows how renewable energy is expected
to feature in electricity generation expansion over the next 20 years.
Both the LCPDP 2017–2037 and the third Medium Term Plan envisage a
four- fold expansion of geothermal power generation from 650 MW to around
2500 MW in 20 years. Abundant, low carbon, and climate resilient, geothermal
power is an attractive resource with potential for additional heat applications in
industry. And over the past four decades, considerable technical expertise in
geothermal has been established within the country’s state- owned utilities and
ancillary services. However, attracting the private investments needed to
develop the country’s geothermal resources at a swifter pace remains a
challenge.
Meanwhile, in the cooking sector, a rising and increasingly urbanising population is demanding more charcoal, exerting increasing pressure on forests, farmlands, and community rangelands from where it is sourced. Charcoal – produced
in kilns by carbonising wood by pyrolysis – meets the cooking energy needs of
over 80% of Kenya’s urban population (Wanleys Consultancy Services, 2013).
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10,000
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
GWh
Geothermal generaƟon
Hydro generaƟon
Biomass generaƟon
Oil generaƟon
Wind generaƟon
Electricity consumpƟon
Figure 13.1 Electricity generation and consumption in Kenya, 1990–2015.
Source: www.iea.org.
Since 2011, a number of plans have been established to meet this demand, the
latest being the updated Least Cost Power Development Plan (LCPDP)
2017–2037, published in 2018. In it, the long- term target for generation expansion is around 7213 MW by 2030 and 9932 MW by 2037, as shown in Figure
13.2 (Government of Kenya, 2018b). Also in 2018, the government announced
its third Medium- Term Plan (2018–2022) – its economic development vehicle
anchored within the Vision 2030 – giving great priority to expanding the
renewable energy sector.
3
Figure 13.2 shows how renewable energy is expected
to feature in electricity generation expansion over the next 20 years.
Both the LCPDP 2017–2037 and the third Medium Term Plan envisage a
four- fold expansion of geothermal power generation from 650 MW to around
2500 MW in 20 years. Abundant, low carbon, and climate resilient, geothermal
power is an attractive resource with potential for additional heat applications in
industry. And over the past four decades, considerable technical expertise in
geothermal has been established within the country’s state- owned utilities and
ancillary services. However, attracting the private investments needed to
develop the country’s geothermal resources at a swifter pace remains a
challenge.
Meanwhile, in the cooking sector, a rising and increasingly urbanising population is demanding more charcoal, exerting increasing pressure on forests, farmlands, and community rangelands from where it is sourced. Charcoal – produced
in kilns by carbonising wood by pyrolysis – meets the cooking energy needs of
over 80% of Kenya’s urban population (Wanleys Consultancy Services, 2013).