1 Introduction
31
and liquid detergent development. From the perspective of development speed of
competition between synthetic alcohols and natural alcohols, oil-based fatty alcohols
have a clear advantage. As a raw material for nonionic surfactants and other deepprocessed products, further development will be made with the expansion of the
application fields of these products.
1.2.1.2 Application of Industrial Oil in the Field of Oleochemicals
➀ Biological liquid fuel
There are two most representative products in bio-liquid fuels: one is traditional
biodiesel and the other is bio-aviation fuel.
Biodiesel can completely replace petrochemical diesel, and has been approved
as an alternative fuel in the United States, Europe and other countries. At present,
due to its high cost, the United States is listed on the B20 (that is, 20% of biodiesel
mixed with 80% of petrochemical diesel) to reduce the consumption burden of users.
Even so, B20 has proven to be satisfactory for improving air quality. The United
States has already listed biodiesel additives, adding 1% of additives to petrochemical
diesel to improve the lubricity of sulfur-containing petrochemical diesel. It is also an
economically viable method for environmental protection work. In terms of biodiesel,
biodiesel is usually produced from edible vegetable oils such as soybean (US) and
rapeseed (Germany, Italy, France, etc.) at a cost of 34–59 cents/kg. In order to reduce
costs, some countries began to use diesel oil and specialized woody oil plants to
produce diesel, and their production costs dropped to 20 cents/kg and 41 cents/kg,
respectively. At present, biodiesel has been widely used in the EU and has entered a
stage of steady development of commercialization. In 2005, the EU produced more
than 3 million tons of biodiesel, more than half of which was produced in Germany.
At present, there are 23 bio-oil production plants and 1,800 gas stations in Germany,
and the industrial standard (EDIN51606) was issued.
Although the research and development of biodiesel in China started late, it has
developed rapidly. The research content involves the selection, cultivation, clean
conversion and comprehensive utilization of new varieties of nonedible oil plants.
Some of the scientific research results have reached an international advanced level.
During the “Eighth Five-Year Plan” period, the Liaoning Provincial Energy Research
Institute carried out the project “Improving Agricultural Mechanization and Rural
Electrification with Vegetable Oil as Power” (China-European Cooperation Research
Project). During the research, the equipment of Italy and Germany was used to esterify the light-skin tree oil produced in Hunan Province. The ester fuel obtained in the
golf diesel car (German Volkswagen) and the 40-horsepower wheeled tractor (Italian company)), 30 KVA diesel generator sets (Tessari, Italy) and other equipments
confirmed the applicability of the light-skinned oil. After the esterification of the
light-skin tree oil, it was burned in the engine of the golf diesel car, and compared
with the power performance of burning 0# diesel, the driving speed of the car was
120 km/h. The test results show that the diesel engine fuel is esterified and the diesel
31
and liquid detergent development. From the perspective of development speed of
competition between synthetic alcohols and natural alcohols, oil-based fatty alcohols
have a clear advantage. As a raw material for nonionic surfactants and other deepprocessed products, further development will be made with the expansion of the
application fields of these products.
1.2.1.2 Application of Industrial Oil in the Field of Oleochemicals
➀ Biological liquid fuel
There are two most representative products in bio-liquid fuels: one is traditional
biodiesel and the other is bio-aviation fuel.
Biodiesel can completely replace petrochemical diesel, and has been approved
as an alternative fuel in the United States, Europe and other countries. At present,
due to its high cost, the United States is listed on the B20 (that is, 20% of biodiesel
mixed with 80% of petrochemical diesel) to reduce the consumption burden of users.
Even so, B20 has proven to be satisfactory for improving air quality. The United
States has already listed biodiesel additives, adding 1% of additives to petrochemical
diesel to improve the lubricity of sulfur-containing petrochemical diesel. It is also an
economically viable method for environmental protection work. In terms of biodiesel,
biodiesel is usually produced from edible vegetable oils such as soybean (US) and
rapeseed (Germany, Italy, France, etc.) at a cost of 34–59 cents/kg. In order to reduce
costs, some countries began to use diesel oil and specialized woody oil plants to
produce diesel, and their production costs dropped to 20 cents/kg and 41 cents/kg,
respectively. At present, biodiesel has been widely used in the EU and has entered a
stage of steady development of commercialization. In 2005, the EU produced more
than 3 million tons of biodiesel, more than half of which was produced in Germany.
At present, there are 23 bio-oil production plants and 1,800 gas stations in Germany,
and the industrial standard (EDIN51606) was issued.
Although the research and development of biodiesel in China started late, it has
developed rapidly. The research content involves the selection, cultivation, clean
conversion and comprehensive utilization of new varieties of nonedible oil plants.
Some of the scientific research results have reached an international advanced level.
During the “Eighth Five-Year Plan” period, the Liaoning Provincial Energy Research
Institute carried out the project “Improving Agricultural Mechanization and Rural
Electrification with Vegetable Oil as Power” (China-European Cooperation Research
Project). During the research, the equipment of Italy and Germany was used to esterify the light-skin tree oil produced in Hunan Province. The ester fuel obtained in the
golf diesel car (German Volkswagen) and the 40-horsepower wheeled tractor (Italian company)), 30 KVA diesel generator sets (Tessari, Italy) and other equipments
confirmed the applicability of the light-skinned oil. After the esterification of the
light-skin tree oil, it was burned in the engine of the golf diesel car, and compared
with the power performance of burning 0# diesel, the driving speed of the car was
120 km/h. The test results show that the diesel engine fuel is esterified and the diesel