1 Introduction
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There are many types of fruit, which can be divided into true fruit and pseudocarp,
according to the parts involved in fruit formation. According to the source, structure and properties of the fruit, it can be divided into three categories: single fruit,
polymeric fruit and aggregated fruit.
The shape, size, color and surface texture of seeds vary with the variety of medicinal plants. The shape of the seed is divided into circle, ellipse, kidney shape, egg
shape, conical shape, polygon, etc. There are differences in size. The seed color
includes green, white, red, black and so on. Some seed surface are smooth, glossy,
and some are rough.
Growth and development habits are the basic characteristics reflecting the adaptation of industrial oil plants to the environment [16]. According to the different
requirements of plants for environmental temperature, they can be divided into four
types: cold-tolerant plants, semi-cold-tolerant plants, warm-loving plants and heatresistant plants. The different varieties of the same plant are divided into winter and
spring, which are generally divided into five grades: strong winter, weak winter,
partial spring and spring. According to the different needs of plants for light intensity, they can be divided into positive plants, shade plants and intermediate plants.
According to the response of plants to photoperiod, they can be divided into long day
plants, short day plants and medium sunshine plants. According to the adaptability
and adaptation mode of plants to water, they can be divided into xerophytes, wet
plants, mesophytes and aquatic plants.
The inter-specific or intra-species differences of plants were mainly evaluated
from the aspects of phenological stage, flowering habit, fruiting habit, seed setting
habit, propagation mode and so on [17]. Phenological stage, seed sowing stage,
transplanting stage, growing stage, budding stage, initial flowering stage, unflowering
stage, fruiting stage, mature stage and harvest stage. According to the maturity period
can be divided into: early maturity, medium maturity and late maturity. Flowering
habits include the number of flowers, single flower life, flowering uniformity and so
on. Result habits include fruit setting rate, number of results, weight of single fruit,
etc. Seed setting habits include seed fullness, 1000-grain weight, etc. The mode of
reproduction is divided into sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction.
Yield traits refer to those factors related to yield composition [18]. Industrial oil
plant yields are usually divided into biological yield and economic yield. Biological
yield is the total amount of all substances produced and accumulated by industrial oil
plants through photosynthesis and absorption in a growth period. Economic output
refers to the part of industrial oil plants that can be used for industrial use, and it is the
harvest part of biological production. The proportion of economic output to biological
output is called economic coefficient or harvest index. The relationship among the
three is as follows: economic yield = biological output * economic coefficient.
The evaluation of industrial oil plant quality mainly refers to the test, identification and gene analysis of the industrial value of oil plants. The internal quality of
oilseeds is an important symbol of fruit commercialization and practicability. The
internal quality of fruit is mainly composed of texture, aroma, nutrition and other
factors, including fat, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and other structure
and nutrition, as well as glycosides. Secondary metabolites such as tannins affect
9
There are many types of fruit, which can be divided into true fruit and pseudocarp,
according to the parts involved in fruit formation. According to the source, structure and properties of the fruit, it can be divided into three categories: single fruit,
polymeric fruit and aggregated fruit.
The shape, size, color and surface texture of seeds vary with the variety of medicinal plants. The shape of the seed is divided into circle, ellipse, kidney shape, egg
shape, conical shape, polygon, etc. There are differences in size. The seed color
includes green, white, red, black and so on. Some seed surface are smooth, glossy,
and some are rough.
Growth and development habits are the basic characteristics reflecting the adaptation of industrial oil plants to the environment [16]. According to the different
requirements of plants for environmental temperature, they can be divided into four
types: cold-tolerant plants, semi-cold-tolerant plants, warm-loving plants and heatresistant plants. The different varieties of the same plant are divided into winter and
spring, which are generally divided into five grades: strong winter, weak winter,
partial spring and spring. According to the different needs of plants for light intensity, they can be divided into positive plants, shade plants and intermediate plants.
According to the response of plants to photoperiod, they can be divided into long day
plants, short day plants and medium sunshine plants. According to the adaptability
and adaptation mode of plants to water, they can be divided into xerophytes, wet
plants, mesophytes and aquatic plants.
The inter-specific or intra-species differences of plants were mainly evaluated
from the aspects of phenological stage, flowering habit, fruiting habit, seed setting
habit, propagation mode and so on [17]. Phenological stage, seed sowing stage,
transplanting stage, growing stage, budding stage, initial flowering stage, unflowering
stage, fruiting stage, mature stage and harvest stage. According to the maturity period
can be divided into: early maturity, medium maturity and late maturity. Flowering
habits include the number of flowers, single flower life, flowering uniformity and so
on. Result habits include fruit setting rate, number of results, weight of single fruit,
etc. Seed setting habits include seed fullness, 1000-grain weight, etc. The mode of
reproduction is divided into sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction.
Yield traits refer to those factors related to yield composition [18]. Industrial oil
plant yields are usually divided into biological yield and economic yield. Biological
yield is the total amount of all substances produced and accumulated by industrial oil
plants through photosynthesis and absorption in a growth period. Economic output
refers to the part of industrial oil plants that can be used for industrial use, and it is the
harvest part of biological production. The proportion of economic output to biological
output is called economic coefficient or harvest index. The relationship among the
three is as follows: economic yield = biological output * economic coefficient.
The evaluation of industrial oil plant quality mainly refers to the test, identification and gene analysis of the industrial value of oil plants. The internal quality of
oilseeds is an important symbol of fruit commercialization and practicability. The
internal quality of fruit is mainly composed of texture, aroma, nutrition and other
factors, including fat, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and other structure
and nutrition, as well as glycosides. Secondary metabolites such as tannins affect