8.5 Program of High-Frequency Active Studies HAARP
793
Similarly planetary experiment was performed by the USSR in 1962; it resulted
in creation of three radiation belts (between 7 and 13 thousand kilometers above the
surface). The electron stream in the lower Van Allen belt changed in 1962 and never
returned back to its original state.
A new stage of experiments with the ionosphere in 1975–1981, began due to an
unfortunate accident—in 1975, the Saturn-5 rocket burned down due to a malfunction
at an altitude of about 300 km. The explosion of the rocket created a hole in the
ionosphere: the quantity of electrons reduced by more than 60% over a region with
a radius of a thousand kilometers; all telecommunications over the territory of the
Atlantic Ocean were disrupted, and the atmospheric glowing was observed at 6300A
wavelength. The occurred phenomenon was caused by the reaction between the gases
formed during the explosion and ionospheric oxygen ions.
In 1981, the American space shuttle, while flying over a network of five
ground observatories, injected gases from its orbital maneuvering system into the
atmosphere. Thus, ionospheric holes were initiated over Milston (Connecticut),
Arecibo (Puerto Rico), Robertal (Quebec), Quilein (Marshall Islands), and Hobart
(Tasmania).
The heightened use of gases from orbital maneuvering systems (OMS) of shuttles to disrupt the concentration of local plasma began in 1985. For example, 47-s
combustion of an OMS on July 29, 1985 resulted in the biggest and longest-living
hole in the ionosphere, while 6-s release of about 830 kg of used gases into the atmosphere at the altitude of 68 km over Connecticut in August 1985 created northern
lights that covered over 400 thousand square kilometers.
8.5.4 Chemoacoustic Waves—Basis of Seismic Weapons
At the end of the twentieth century, it was found that there are waves of large amplitude
(dozens and hundreds of kilometers) in the upper atmosphere of the Earth; their
interference forms a complex quasi-periodic structure, the spatial period of which can
be significantly shorter. Presumably, they are caused by photodissociation reactions
that “rock” acoustic-gravity waves in the atmosphere. For example, as a result of a
reversible cycle of formation of atomic oxygen, the atmosphere receives energy of
the order of an ultraviolet quantum. This cycle ensures heating of the atmosphere on
altitudes of about 100 km.
Although in the 1960s non-equilibrium processes in the plasma seemed to be able
to give the key to the implementation of controlled thermonuclear fusion, it turned out
that sound passing through a non-equilibrium medium releases the energy contained
in it. It soon became clear that it was nearly impossible to perform the experiment
in laboratory conditions—it was necessary to ensure an extremely high degree of
deviation of environmental parameters from the equilibrium, in which the chemical
reaction cannot enter the explosion mode. Certain layers of the Earth’s atmosphere
fully correspond to these conditions.
793
Similarly planetary experiment was performed by the USSR in 1962; it resulted
in creation of three radiation belts (between 7 and 13 thousand kilometers above the
surface). The electron stream in the lower Van Allen belt changed in 1962 and never
returned back to its original state.
A new stage of experiments with the ionosphere in 1975–1981, began due to an
unfortunate accident—in 1975, the Saturn-5 rocket burned down due to a malfunction
at an altitude of about 300 km. The explosion of the rocket created a hole in the
ionosphere: the quantity of electrons reduced by more than 60% over a region with
a radius of a thousand kilometers; all telecommunications over the territory of the
Atlantic Ocean were disrupted, and the atmospheric glowing was observed at 6300A
wavelength. The occurred phenomenon was caused by the reaction between the gases
formed during the explosion and ionospheric oxygen ions.
In 1981, the American space shuttle, while flying over a network of five
ground observatories, injected gases from its orbital maneuvering system into the
atmosphere. Thus, ionospheric holes were initiated over Milston (Connecticut),
Arecibo (Puerto Rico), Robertal (Quebec), Quilein (Marshall Islands), and Hobart
(Tasmania).
The heightened use of gases from orbital maneuvering systems (OMS) of shuttles to disrupt the concentration of local plasma began in 1985. For example, 47-s
combustion of an OMS on July 29, 1985 resulted in the biggest and longest-living
hole in the ionosphere, while 6-s release of about 830 kg of used gases into the atmosphere at the altitude of 68 km over Connecticut in August 1985 created northern
lights that covered over 400 thousand square kilometers.
8.5.4 Chemoacoustic Waves—Basis of Seismic Weapons
At the end of the twentieth century, it was found that there are waves of large amplitude
(dozens and hundreds of kilometers) in the upper atmosphere of the Earth; their
interference forms a complex quasi-periodic structure, the spatial period of which can
be significantly shorter. Presumably, they are caused by photodissociation reactions
that “rock” acoustic-gravity waves in the atmosphere. For example, as a result of a
reversible cycle of formation of atomic oxygen, the atmosphere receives energy of
the order of an ultraviolet quantum. This cycle ensures heating of the atmosphere on
altitudes of about 100 km.
Although in the 1960s non-equilibrium processes in the plasma seemed to be able
to give the key to the implementation of controlled thermonuclear fusion, it turned out
that sound passing through a non-equilibrium medium releases the energy contained
in it. It soon became clear that it was nearly impossible to perform the experiment
in laboratory conditions—it was necessary to ensure an extremely high degree of
deviation of environmental parameters from the equilibrium, in which the chemical
reaction cannot enter the explosion mode. Certain layers of the Earth’s atmosphere
fully correspond to these conditions.