3.2.3 Trojans for Interception of Information Input via the
Computer Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
3.2.4 Trojan Programs in Computer Hard Drives . . . . . . . . . . 224
3.3 Trojan Programs in Mobile Communication Systems . . . . . . . . . 226
3.3.1 Main Episodes from the History of Confrontation
Between Special Services and Hackers in the Field
of Telecommunications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
3.3.2 A “Bug” in a Smartphone Component Is Another
Opportunity for a Spy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
3.3.3 Embedded Trojan in Chinese Smartphones Nomu
and Leagoo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
3.3.4 Expanding Possibilities of Mobile Phones Due
to Specialized Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
3.3.5 Mini Spies in Mobile Phones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
3.3.6 Main Technical Solutions for Protection of Phone
Conversations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
3.4 Electronic Devices for Wireless Data Interception . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
3.5 Trojans and Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
3.5.1 Devices for Determining Vehicle Movement Routes
Using GPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
3.5.2 New Type of Threats—Car Viruses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
3.6 Exotic Spy Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
3.6.1 Data Stealing Through Computer Coolers . . . . . . . . . . . 263
3.6.2 Image Interception from the Laptop Screen . . . . . . . . . . 265
3.6.3 Miniature Radio Beacons in Clothes and Boots . . . . . . . 267
3.6.4 Extraction of 4096-Bit RSA Keys Using Microphone . . . 269
3.7 Trojans in Household Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
4 Hardware Trojans in Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
4.1 Basis of Designing Safe Electronic Equipment for Critical
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
4.1.1 Introduction to the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
4.1.2 Evaluation of Security of the Microcircuit Design
Flow Stages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
4.1.3 Potential Agents (Organizers) of Attacks Using
Hardware Trojans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
4.1.4 Author’s Attempt to Systematize the Existing
Knowledge About the Methods of Ensuring the
Security of Microcircuit Supply Channels . . . . . . . . . . . 290
4.2 Description of the First Documented Facts of Detection
of Hardware Trojans in Critical Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
4.2.1 Introduction to the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
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Computer Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
3.2.4 Trojan Programs in Computer Hard Drives . . . . . . . . . . 224
3.3 Trojan Programs in Mobile Communication Systems . . . . . . . . . 226
3.3.1 Main Episodes from the History of Confrontation
Between Special Services and Hackers in the Field
of Telecommunications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
3.3.2 A “Bug” in a Smartphone Component Is Another
Opportunity for a Spy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
3.3.3 Embedded Trojan in Chinese Smartphones Nomu
and Leagoo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
3.3.4 Expanding Possibilities of Mobile Phones Due
to Specialized Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
3.3.5 Mini Spies in Mobile Phones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
3.3.6 Main Technical Solutions for Protection of Phone
Conversations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
3.4 Electronic Devices for Wireless Data Interception . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
3.5 Trojans and Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
3.5.1 Devices for Determining Vehicle Movement Routes
Using GPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
3.5.2 New Type of Threats—Car Viruses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
3.6 Exotic Spy Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
3.6.1 Data Stealing Through Computer Coolers . . . . . . . . . . . 263
3.6.2 Image Interception from the Laptop Screen . . . . . . . . . . 265
3.6.3 Miniature Radio Beacons in Clothes and Boots . . . . . . . 267
3.6.4 Extraction of 4096-Bit RSA Keys Using Microphone . . . 269
3.7 Trojans in Household Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
4 Hardware Trojans in Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
4.1 Basis of Designing Safe Electronic Equipment for Critical
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
4.1.1 Introduction to the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
4.1.2 Evaluation of Security of the Microcircuit Design
Flow Stages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
4.1.3 Potential Agents (Organizers) of Attacks Using
Hardware Trojans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
4.1.4 Author’s Attempt to Systematize the Existing
Knowledge About the Methods of Ensuring the
Security of Microcircuit Supply Channels . . . . . . . . . . . 290
4.2 Description of the First Documented Facts of Detection
of Hardware Trojans in Critical Microcircuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
4.2.1 Introduction to the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
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Contents