544
B. Farahani et al.
e-Health broadens the horizons of fulfillment in terms of existing healthcare needs,
quite a few major hurdles remain before consistent, suitable, safe, flexible, and
power-efficient solutions can be deployed to address many medical demands. In this
chapter, we presented a holistic hierarchical multi-layer IoT e-Health ecosystem,
where various applications such as early warning systems can be mapped to those
layers. We then finally discussed and addressed the main benefits as well as
major challenges of IoT e-Health such as data management, scalability, regulations,
interoperability, device-network-human interfaces, security, and privacy.
References
1. B. Farahani et al., Towards fog-driven IoT e-Health: Promises and challenges of IoT in
medicine and healthcare. Futur. Gener. Comput. Syst. 78, 659–676 (2018)
2. F. Firouzi et al., Internet-of-Things and Big Data for smarter Healthcare: From Device to
Architecture, Applications and Analytics (Elsevier, Chicago, IL, 2018)
3. M.C. Sokol et al., Impact of medication adherence on hospitalization risk and healthcare cost.
Med. Care 43, 521–530 (2005)
4. Association, A.D., Economic costs of diabetes in the US in 2012. Diabetes Care 36, 1033–1046
(2013). Diabetes Care, 2013. 36(6): p. 1797.
5. J.M. Corrigan, E.K. Swift, M.P. Hurtado, Envisioning the National Health Care Quality Report
(National Academies Press, Washington, D.C, 2001)
6. C.F. Hill et al., Mobile health clinics in the era of reform. Am. J. Manag. Care 20(3), 261–264
(2014)
7. Global Telemedicine MarketGrowth, Trends and Forecasts. Available from: http://
www.mordorintelligence.com/industryreports/global-telemedicine-marketindustry
8. P. Rashidi, A. Mihailidis, A survey on ambient-assisted living tools for older adults. IEEE J.
Biomed. Health Inform. 17(3), 579–590 (2012)
9. F. Firouzi et al., Keynote paper: From EDA to IoT e-Health: Promises, challenges, and
solutions. IEEE Trans. Comput. Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Sys. 37(12), 2965–2978 (2018)
10. H. Elayan, R.M. Shubair, A. Kiourti, Wireless sensors for medical applications: Current status
and future challenges, in 2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation
(EUCAP), (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2017)
11. Texas Instruments Wireless Connectivity. Available from: www.ti.com/wirelessconnectivity
12. F. Bonomi et al., Fog computing and its role in the internet of things, in Proceedings of the first
edition of the MCC workshop on Mobile cloud computing, (ACM, New York, NY, 2012)
13. H. Kalantarian et al., A wearable sensor system for medication adherence prediction. Artif.
Intell. Med. 69, 43–52 (2016)
14. A.J. Jara et al., A Pharmaceutical Intelligent Information System to detect allergies and
Adverse Drugs Reactions based on internet of things, in 2010 8th IEEE International
Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOM Workshops),
(IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2010)
15. A. Anzanpour, et al., Internet of things enabled in-home health monitoring system using early
warning score. In Proceedings of the 5th EAI International Conference on Wireless Mobile
Communication and Healthcare. (ICST (Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics
and . . . , 2015).
16. M. Sarrafzadeh, F. Dabiri, H. Noshadi, Fast Behavior and Abnormality Detection. 2016,
Google Patents
B. Farahani et al.
e-Health broadens the horizons of fulfillment in terms of existing healthcare needs,
quite a few major hurdles remain before consistent, suitable, safe, flexible, and
power-efficient solutions can be deployed to address many medical demands. In this
chapter, we presented a holistic hierarchical multi-layer IoT e-Health ecosystem,
where various applications such as early warning systems can be mapped to those
layers. We then finally discussed and addressed the main benefits as well as
major challenges of IoT e-Health such as data management, scalability, regulations,
interoperability, device-network-human interfaces, security, and privacy.
References
1. B. Farahani et al., Towards fog-driven IoT e-Health: Promises and challenges of IoT in
medicine and healthcare. Futur. Gener. Comput. Syst. 78, 659–676 (2018)
2. F. Firouzi et al., Internet-of-Things and Big Data for smarter Healthcare: From Device to
Architecture, Applications and Analytics (Elsevier, Chicago, IL, 2018)
3. M.C. Sokol et al., Impact of medication adherence on hospitalization risk and healthcare cost.
Med. Care 43, 521–530 (2005)
4. Association, A.D., Economic costs of diabetes in the US in 2012. Diabetes Care 36, 1033–1046
(2013). Diabetes Care, 2013. 36(6): p. 1797.
5. J.M. Corrigan, E.K. Swift, M.P. Hurtado, Envisioning the National Health Care Quality Report
(National Academies Press, Washington, D.C, 2001)
6. C.F. Hill et al., Mobile health clinics in the era of reform. Am. J. Manag. Care 20(3), 261–264
(2014)
7. Global Telemedicine MarketGrowth, Trends and Forecasts. Available from: http://
www.mordorintelligence.com/industryreports/global-telemedicine-marketindustry
8. P. Rashidi, A. Mihailidis, A survey on ambient-assisted living tools for older adults. IEEE J.
Biomed. Health Inform. 17(3), 579–590 (2012)
9. F. Firouzi et al., Keynote paper: From EDA to IoT e-Health: Promises, challenges, and
solutions. IEEE Trans. Comput. Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Sys. 37(12), 2965–2978 (2018)
10. H. Elayan, R.M. Shubair, A. Kiourti, Wireless sensors for medical applications: Current status
and future challenges, in 2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation
(EUCAP), (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2017)
11. Texas Instruments Wireless Connectivity. Available from: www.ti.com/wirelessconnectivity
12. F. Bonomi et al., Fog computing and its role in the internet of things, in Proceedings of the first
edition of the MCC workshop on Mobile cloud computing, (ACM, New York, NY, 2012)
13. H. Kalantarian et al., A wearable sensor system for medication adherence prediction. Artif.
Intell. Med. 69, 43–52 (2016)
14. A.J. Jara et al., A Pharmaceutical Intelligent Information System to detect allergies and
Adverse Drugs Reactions based on internet of things, in 2010 8th IEEE International
Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOM Workshops),
(IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2010)
15. A. Anzanpour, et al., Internet of things enabled in-home health monitoring system using early
warning score. In Proceedings of the 5th EAI International Conference on Wireless Mobile
Communication and Healthcare. (ICST (Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics
and . . . , 2015).
16. M. Sarrafzadeh, F. Dabiri, H. Noshadi, Fast Behavior and Abnormality Detection. 2016,
Google Patents