Subsequently, we review two kinds of key techniques for micro-to-nanomanufacturing: various micro-to-nano-manipulations and nanojoining. Based on
these reviews, we introduce the latest progress on innovative molecular devices,
near-field manufacturing, and super-resolution manufacturing.
In Chap. 2, Minlin Zhong and Peixun Fan present a comprehensive overview
of the state of the art and current challenges of antireflection surface micronano-structures (SMNS), especially those fabricated by laser. The antireflection
performances of the fabricated SMNS demonstrate in detail different multiscale
structures. They also discuss the great application prospects of these SMNS.
In Chap. 3, Casas and Kautek focus on one potential approach to surpass the
optical diffraction limit by introducing “Apertureless Scanning Near-Field Optical
Lithography.” In this method, a scanning probe microscope tip is illuminated by a
focused laser beam and the electromagnetic field is strongly enhanced in the
vicinity of the tip’s apex. This may generate nanomodifications on a solid surface in
close proximity to the tip. In this chapter, they review the thermal effects that allow
distinguishing the underlying physical mechanisms: near-field optical enhancement
and/or thermal surface modification.
In Chap. 4, Compagnini et al. review the basic principles of pulsed laser-induced
nanoparticle synthesis in liquid. Two kinds of materials are focused as case studies,
porous graphene, and TiO 2 nanoparticles. Biosensing and photocatalytic degradation by these materials are discussed.
Sano et al. introduce laser peening, as a surface modification technology using
laser-driven shock compression to improve the properties of metals such as hardness, residual stress, fatigue properties, and corrosion resistance. A femtosecond
laser-driven shock wave in solids enables peening without sacrificial overlay under
atmospheric conditions. A brief explanation of a formation mechanism of a femtosecond laser-driven shock wave in solids including interactions of femtosecond
laser pulse with metals and femtosecond laser ablation of metals, and applications
of the femtosecond laser peening without sacrificial overlay under atmospheric
conditions on aluminum alloy and iron are described in this chapter.
Feng Chen et al. review the laser processing of optical waveguides. The focused
ultrashort pulses interact with the bulk matrix, resulting in modification of the
refractive index of the localized regions. Both positive and negative index changes
have been successfully utilized to generate waveguiding effects. Owing to the
capability and feasibility of direct femtosecond laser writing, a number of waveguide devices have been fabricated in versatile optical materials, which brings out
intriguing applications in many areas.
Guoying Feng et al. overview the laser processing microfluidics. Microfluidic
channels are the key components of a micro-total analysis system (l-TAS).
Photolithography is a major method of microfluidic channels fabrication which is
actually a two-dimensional planar fabrication technology. They argued that the
fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic structures by photolithographybased techniques requires additional stacking and bonding, leading to an increase in
complexity and cost. A main method for achieving 3D microfluidic structures in
transparent substrates is to use Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing is demonstrated.
vi
Preface
these reviews, we introduce the latest progress on innovative molecular devices,
near-field manufacturing, and super-resolution manufacturing.
In Chap. 2, Minlin Zhong and Peixun Fan present a comprehensive overview
of the state of the art and current challenges of antireflection surface micronano-structures (SMNS), especially those fabricated by laser. The antireflection
performances of the fabricated SMNS demonstrate in detail different multiscale
structures. They also discuss the great application prospects of these SMNS.
In Chap. 3, Casas and Kautek focus on one potential approach to surpass the
optical diffraction limit by introducing “Apertureless Scanning Near-Field Optical
Lithography.” In this method, a scanning probe microscope tip is illuminated by a
focused laser beam and the electromagnetic field is strongly enhanced in the
vicinity of the tip’s apex. This may generate nanomodifications on a solid surface in
close proximity to the tip. In this chapter, they review the thermal effects that allow
distinguishing the underlying physical mechanisms: near-field optical enhancement
and/or thermal surface modification.
In Chap. 4, Compagnini et al. review the basic principles of pulsed laser-induced
nanoparticle synthesis in liquid. Two kinds of materials are focused as case studies,
porous graphene, and TiO 2 nanoparticles. Biosensing and photocatalytic degradation by these materials are discussed.
Sano et al. introduce laser peening, as a surface modification technology using
laser-driven shock compression to improve the properties of metals such as hardness, residual stress, fatigue properties, and corrosion resistance. A femtosecond
laser-driven shock wave in solids enables peening without sacrificial overlay under
atmospheric conditions. A brief explanation of a formation mechanism of a femtosecond laser-driven shock wave in solids including interactions of femtosecond
laser pulse with metals and femtosecond laser ablation of metals, and applications
of the femtosecond laser peening without sacrificial overlay under atmospheric
conditions on aluminum alloy and iron are described in this chapter.
Feng Chen et al. review the laser processing of optical waveguides. The focused
ultrashort pulses interact with the bulk matrix, resulting in modification of the
refractive index of the localized regions. Both positive and negative index changes
have been successfully utilized to generate waveguiding effects. Owing to the
capability and feasibility of direct femtosecond laser writing, a number of waveguide devices have been fabricated in versatile optical materials, which brings out
intriguing applications in many areas.
Guoying Feng et al. overview the laser processing microfluidics. Microfluidic
channels are the key components of a micro-total analysis system (l-TAS).
Photolithography is a major method of microfluidic channels fabrication which is
actually a two-dimensional planar fabrication technology. They argued that the
fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic structures by photolithographybased techniques requires additional stacking and bonding, leading to an increase in
complexity and cost. A main method for achieving 3D microfluidic structures in
transparent substrates is to use Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing is demonstrated.
vi
Preface