hydrodynamics and a predominance of erosive processes together with the presence
of kelp beds (Fig. 25.4), which have been found in very specific areas of the
Mediterranean subjected to Atlantic influence (Templado et al. 2006), and (b) the
southern area with less energetic hydrodynamics conditions, mostly harbouring
muddy sediments, but with a high biotic productivity associated with upwelling
currents, as occurs off the Málaga coast. These could be responsible for the formation of rhodoliths and higher concentration of biogenic gravel and carbonates.
The first two protection figures of the area surrounding the island, a Marine
Reserve (4.29 km
2 ) and a Fishing Reserve (ca. 490 km
2 ), were declared in 1997
by the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAPA). The fisheries
regulations in the Marine Reserve were revised in 2018, with a ban of bottom
trawling between 0 and 100 m and below 1000 m. In 2001, the Alboran Island,
with its underwater platform, was declared SPAMI, according to the Barcelona
Convention. In 2003, the Andalusian government declared the island and its platform (ca. 264.56 km
2 ) a Natural Area (Paraje Natural), and the management plan for
this and the associated SPAMI was approved in 2005. In 2003, the terrestrial part
(ca. 0.8 km
2 ) was also declared a SPA (SPA ES0000336). In 2006, a SCI (SCI
ES6110015), coincident with the marine part of the Natural Area (ca. 263 km
2 ), was
approved for the Alboran Island platform. In 2014, just after the LIFE+
INDEMARES project, a new SCI proposal was adopted and named as Espacio
Fig. 25.4 Alboran Island SPAMI and collateral figures of protection. (a) West coast with a
specimen of the limpet Patella ferruginea in the first place located right in the lower part of the
intertidal; (b) cave with colonies of the chalice coral (Astroides calycularis); (c) Coralligenous
bottoms with a juvenile of the kelp Laminaria ochroleuca. (d) Family of long-finned pilot whales
(Globicephala melas) (Diego Moreno/Sustainable Marine Environment Management Program/
Junta de Andalucía)
836
Á. Mateo-Ramírez et al.
of kelp beds (Fig. 25.4), which have been found in very specific areas of the
Mediterranean subjected to Atlantic influence (Templado et al. 2006), and (b) the
southern area with less energetic hydrodynamics conditions, mostly harbouring
muddy sediments, but with a high biotic productivity associated with upwelling
currents, as occurs off the Málaga coast. These could be responsible for the formation of rhodoliths and higher concentration of biogenic gravel and carbonates.
The first two protection figures of the area surrounding the island, a Marine
Reserve (4.29 km
2 ) and a Fishing Reserve (ca. 490 km
2 ), were declared in 1997
by the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAPA). The fisheries
regulations in the Marine Reserve were revised in 2018, with a ban of bottom
trawling between 0 and 100 m and below 1000 m. In 2001, the Alboran Island,
with its underwater platform, was declared SPAMI, according to the Barcelona
Convention. In 2003, the Andalusian government declared the island and its platform (ca. 264.56 km
2 ) a Natural Area (Paraje Natural), and the management plan for
this and the associated SPAMI was approved in 2005. In 2003, the terrestrial part
(ca. 0.8 km
2 ) was also declared a SPA (SPA ES0000336). In 2006, a SCI (SCI
ES6110015), coincident with the marine part of the Natural Area (ca. 263 km
2 ), was
approved for the Alboran Island platform. In 2014, just after the LIFE+
INDEMARES project, a new SCI proposal was adopted and named as Espacio
Fig. 25.4 Alboran Island SPAMI and collateral figures of protection. (a) West coast with a
specimen of the limpet Patella ferruginea in the first place located right in the lower part of the
intertidal; (b) cave with colonies of the chalice coral (Astroides calycularis); (c) Coralligenous
bottoms with a juvenile of the kelp Laminaria ochroleuca. (d) Family of long-finned pilot whales
(Globicephala melas) (Diego Moreno/Sustainable Marine Environment Management Program/
Junta de Andalucía)
836
Á. Mateo-Ramírez et al.