The tow rake and mechanized dredge fleet are mainly managed by TACs and
daily VCL for certain species (surf clam (Donax trunculus), smooth venus (Callista
chione), Moroccan cockles (Acanthocardia tuberculata), and striped venus
(Chamelea gallina)) and are monitored by means of a satellite-based vessel monitoring system (VMS).
The management of the Alboran Island area is subject to special conditions given
that it is a SPAMI/MPA (GSA 2). Fishing is allowed subject to a limited license
program in two marine areas surrounding the Alboran Island: a part of the marine
reserve that can be exploited using mainly hook artisanal gears and small seiners and
the fishing reserve where bottom trawlers between 100 and 1000 m depth, purse
seiners, and deep-sea longliners can operate targeting certain fish species. Fishing
vessels can carry out fishing trips according to different plans of their choice with a
duration of 5 days (plan A) and between 5 and 10 days (plan B).
The management implemented in Southern Alboran Sea (GSA 3) is also mainly
based on fishing effort restrictions. This is the case of purse seine fishing fleets where
there is a set of restrictions on technical characteristics of fishing gears and a
limitation of the number of fishing trips per week. The latter is combined with
seasonal closures and areas where fishing is not allowed for a closed list of fish
species. The red seabream fishery, where fleet that operates includes more fishing
gears than in Northern Alboran Sea (GSA 1), is subject to technical characteristics
restrictions combined with the SPAMI/MPA of Al Hoceima National Park and
artificial reefs to avoid trawling.
22.3 Socioeconomics of Alboran Sea Fisheries
22.3.1 Study Area
This section analyzes fishing in socioeconomic terms. It focuses on the Northern
Alboran Sea (GSA 1 division of GFCM) as an example of the importance and
evolution of fishing and its socioeconomics in the whole Alboran Sea.
Ports involved in the exploitation of Northern Alboran Sea (GSA 1) fish stocks
are located between 6
W meridian from Gibraltar and 2
W meridian and 36
N
parallel and Spanish coast. They are those included in South Mediterranean Spanish
region excluding Ceuta and Melilla; ports of Algeciras and La Linea de la
Concepción in Spanish South Atlantic region; and ports of Garrucha, Águilas,
Mazarrón, and Cartagena, of the Spanish Eastern Mediterranean region (Fig. 22.1).
3
3 GSA 01 includes Spanish maritime districts between Algeciras and Cartagena; however in certain
period, we will refer to Spanish South Mediterranean region (Malaga and Almeria) excluding
Garrucha in Spanish Eastern Mediterranean region due to data aggregation.
22 Fisheries Economics and Management Under the Impact of Human and Varying. . .
759
daily VCL for certain species (surf clam (Donax trunculus), smooth venus (Callista
chione), Moroccan cockles (Acanthocardia tuberculata), and striped venus
(Chamelea gallina)) and are monitored by means of a satellite-based vessel monitoring system (VMS).
The management of the Alboran Island area is subject to special conditions given
that it is a SPAMI/MPA (GSA 2). Fishing is allowed subject to a limited license
program in two marine areas surrounding the Alboran Island: a part of the marine
reserve that can be exploited using mainly hook artisanal gears and small seiners and
the fishing reserve where bottom trawlers between 100 and 1000 m depth, purse
seiners, and deep-sea longliners can operate targeting certain fish species. Fishing
vessels can carry out fishing trips according to different plans of their choice with a
duration of 5 days (plan A) and between 5 and 10 days (plan B).
The management implemented in Southern Alboran Sea (GSA 3) is also mainly
based on fishing effort restrictions. This is the case of purse seine fishing fleets where
there is a set of restrictions on technical characteristics of fishing gears and a
limitation of the number of fishing trips per week. The latter is combined with
seasonal closures and areas where fishing is not allowed for a closed list of fish
species. The red seabream fishery, where fleet that operates includes more fishing
gears than in Northern Alboran Sea (GSA 1), is subject to technical characteristics
restrictions combined with the SPAMI/MPA of Al Hoceima National Park and
artificial reefs to avoid trawling.
22.3 Socioeconomics of Alboran Sea Fisheries
22.3.1 Study Area
This section analyzes fishing in socioeconomic terms. It focuses on the Northern
Alboran Sea (GSA 1 division of GFCM) as an example of the importance and
evolution of fishing and its socioeconomics in the whole Alboran Sea.
Ports involved in the exploitation of Northern Alboran Sea (GSA 1) fish stocks
are located between 6
W meridian from Gibraltar and 2
W meridian and 36
N
parallel and Spanish coast. They are those included in South Mediterranean Spanish
region excluding Ceuta and Melilla; ports of Algeciras and La Linea de la
Concepción in Spanish South Atlantic region; and ports of Garrucha, Águilas,
Mazarrón, and Cartagena, of the Spanish Eastern Mediterranean region (Fig. 22.1).
3
3 GSA 01 includes Spanish maritime districts between Algeciras and Cartagena; however in certain
period, we will refer to Spanish South Mediterranean region (Malaga and Almeria) excluding
Garrucha in Spanish Eastern Mediterranean region due to data aggregation.
22 Fisheries Economics and Management Under the Impact of Human and Varying. . .
759