Table 2.3 Evolution of Mediterranean Action Plan
Period
Most relevant facts
Strategies and focuses
1970s (initial phase)
- Intergovernmental meeting for
protection of Mediterranean: MAP
adopted (1975)
- Conference of Plenipotentiaries
(1976): Barcelona Convention, Protocols on waste, Emergency Protocol
- Split Conference (1978): Blue Plan
and Priority Action Plan
- Conservationism
- Eco-development
- Protection of marine environment and combating pollution
- Integrated planning of environmental development and
protection
1980s (development
phase)
- Protocol on Land-based Sources of
Pollution (1980)
- Development of MEDPOL
programme
- Protocol concerning Specially
Protected Areas (1982)
- 4th Ordinary Meeting of the
Contracting Parties (1985): Genoa
Declaration
- Protection extended to coastal
areas
- Definition of major environmental protection strategies
Beginning of 1990s
(maturity phase)
- 6th Ordinary Meeting of the
Contracting Parties (1989): Adoption
of UNEP Directorate General report
- Nicosia Charter
a (1990)
- Coastal Zone Management
Programme (1990)
- Change in direction of MAP
towards integrated coastal
management
- Reconciliation of environment
and sustainable development
1990–1995 (maturity
and adaption to
UNCED postulations)
- Preparation of MAP report for presentation at UNCED (1991)
- 8th Ordinary Meeting in Antalya
(1993): change of MAP direction
- Tunis Conference (1994): Declaration on Sustainable Development in
the Mediterranean; Med Agenda 21
- 9th Ordinary Meeting in Barcelona
(1995): New MAP and New Convention, Amendments to Protocols
- Sustainable development
- Change in direction of legal
protection instruments
- Application of Agenda 21
1995–present (recent
modifications to the
system)
- Establishment of the Mediterranean
Commission on Sustainable Devel
opment (MCSD) (2005)
- Conference of Plenipotentiaries
(2008): signature of Protocol on
Integrated Coastal Zone Manage
ment in the Mediterranean (2008); in
force in 2011
- 17
th Ordinary Meeting in Paris
(2012): adoption of the Action Plan
for the implementation of the ICZM
Protocol
- Sustainability
- Participation and governance
(states, local authorities, business community, NGOs)
- Promotion of the integrated
coastal zone management
Source: Author
a Charter on Euro-Mediterranean Cooperation concerning the Environment in the Mediterranean
Basin
2 Regional Context and Maritime Governance
25
Period
Most relevant facts
Strategies and focuses
1970s (initial phase)
- Intergovernmental meeting for
protection of Mediterranean: MAP
adopted (1975)
- Conference of Plenipotentiaries
(1976): Barcelona Convention, Protocols on waste, Emergency Protocol
- Split Conference (1978): Blue Plan
and Priority Action Plan
- Conservationism
- Eco-development
- Protection of marine environment and combating pollution
- Integrated planning of environmental development and
protection
1980s (development
phase)
- Protocol on Land-based Sources of
Pollution (1980)
- Development of MEDPOL
programme
- Protocol concerning Specially
Protected Areas (1982)
- 4th Ordinary Meeting of the
Contracting Parties (1985): Genoa
Declaration
- Protection extended to coastal
areas
- Definition of major environmental protection strategies
Beginning of 1990s
(maturity phase)
- 6th Ordinary Meeting of the
Contracting Parties (1989): Adoption
of UNEP Directorate General report
- Nicosia Charter
a (1990)
- Coastal Zone Management
Programme (1990)
- Change in direction of MAP
towards integrated coastal
management
- Reconciliation of environment
and sustainable development
1990–1995 (maturity
and adaption to
UNCED postulations)
- Preparation of MAP report for presentation at UNCED (1991)
- 8th Ordinary Meeting in Antalya
(1993): change of MAP direction
- Tunis Conference (1994): Declaration on Sustainable Development in
the Mediterranean; Med Agenda 21
- 9th Ordinary Meeting in Barcelona
(1995): New MAP and New Convention, Amendments to Protocols
- Sustainable development
- Change in direction of legal
protection instruments
- Application of Agenda 21
1995–present (recent
modifications to the
system)
- Establishment of the Mediterranean
Commission on Sustainable Devel
opment (MCSD) (2005)
- Conference of Plenipotentiaries
(2008): signature of Protocol on
Integrated Coastal Zone Manage
ment in the Mediterranean (2008); in
force in 2011
- 17
th Ordinary Meeting in Paris
(2012): adoption of the Action Plan
for the implementation of the ICZM
Protocol
- Sustainability
- Participation and governance
(states, local authorities, business community, NGOs)
- Promotion of the integrated
coastal zone management
Source: Author
a Charter on Euro-Mediterranean Cooperation concerning the Environment in the Mediterranean
Basin
2 Regional Context and Maritime Governance
25