Kinder TH (1984) Current meter measurements in the Northwestern Alboran Sea. In: Parrilla G
(ed) Preliminary results of the Donde va? Project. Informes Técnicos del Instituto Español de
Oceanografía 24:159–168
Kinder TH, Bryden HL (1990) Aspiration of deep waters through straits. In: Pratts LJ (ed) The
physical oceanography of the Straits, NATO ASI Series (Mathematical and physical sciences),
vol 318. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0677-8_14
Kinder TH, Parrilla G (1987) Yes, some of the Mediterranean outflow does come from great depth.
J Geophys Res 92(C3):2901–2906
Krahmann G, Schott F (1998) Long term increases in Western Mediterranean salinities and
temperatures: anthropogenic and climatic sources. Geophys Res Lett 25(22):4209–4212.
https://doi.org/10.1029/1998GL900143
La Violette PE (1984) The advection of submesoscale thermal features in the Alboran Sea gyre. J
Phys Oceanogr 14(3):550–565
Lacombe H, Tchernia P (1972) Caractères hydrologiques et circulation des eaux en Méditerranée.
In: Stanley DJ (ed) The Mediterranean Sea. Dowdentlutchinson and Ross, Stronsberg, pp 25–36
Lacombe H, Tchernia P, Gamberoni L (1985) Variable bottom water in the Western Mediterranean
basin. Prog Oceanogr 14:319–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/0079-6611(85)90015-1
Lanoix F (1974) Projet Alboran. Etude Hydrologique et dynamique de la mer d’Alboran. Tech Rep
66:39. NATO, Brussels
Leaman KD, Schott F (1991) Hydrographic structure of the convection regime in the Gulf of Lions:
Winter 1987. J Phys Oceanogr 21:575–598. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1991)021%
3C0575:HSOTCR%3E2.0.CO;2
Lebeaupin Brossier C, Leger F, Giordani H, Beuvier J, Bouin MN, Ducrocq V, Fourrié N (2017)
Dense Water Formation in the North-Western Mediterranean area during HyMeX-SOP2 in
1/36
ocean simulations: ocean-atmosphere coupling impact. J Geophys Res Oceans. https://
doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012526
Levitus S, Antonov JI, Boyer TP et al (2012) World ocean heat content and thermosteric sea level
change (0-2000 m), 1955-2010. Geophys Res Lett 39:L10603. https://doi.org/10.1029/
2012GL051106
Llasses J, Jordà G, Gomis D (2015) Skills of different hydrographic networks in capturing changes
in the Mediterranean Sea at climate scales. Clim Res 63:1–18. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr01270
López-Jurado JL (1990) Masas de agua alrededor de las Islas Baleares. Bol Inst Esp Oceanogr 6
(2):3–20
López-Jurado JL, García-Lafuente J, Cano N (1995) Hydrographic conditions of the Ibiza Channel
during November 1990, March 1991 and July 1992. Oceanol Acta 18(2):235–243
López-Jurado JL, Balbín T, Amengual B, Aparicio-González A, Fernández de Puelles ML, GarcíaMartínez MC, Gaza M, Jansá J, Morillas-Kieffer A, Moya F, Santiago R, Serra M, VargasYáñez M, Vicente L (2015) The RADMED monitoring program: towards an ecosystem
approach. Ocean Sci Discuss 12:645–671. https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-645-2015
Ludwig W, Dumont E, Meybeck M, Heussner S (2009) River discharges of water and nutrients to
the Mediterranean and Black Sea: major drivers for ecosystem changes during past and future
decades. Prog Oceanogr 80:199–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2009.02.001
MEDAR Group (2002) Mediterranean and Black Sea Database of temperature, salinity and
biochemical parameters and climatological atlas (4 CD-ROMs). Ifremer Ed., Plouzane, France.
http://www.ifremer.fr/sismer/program/medar
MEDOC Group (1970) Observation of the formation of Deep Water in the Mediterranean Sea,
1969. Nature 227(5262):1037–1040. https://doi.org/10.1038/2271037a0
Mihanovic H, Janekovic I, Viblic I, Kovacevic V, Bensi M (2018) Modelling interannual changes
in dense water formation on the Northern Adriatic shelf. Pure Appl Geophys 175:4065–4081.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-018-1935-5
Millot C (2009) Another description of the Mediterranean Sea outflow. Prog Oceanogr 82
(2):101–124
4 The Oceanographic and Climatic Context
107
(ed) Preliminary results of the Donde va? Project. Informes Técnicos del Instituto Español de
Oceanografía 24:159–168
Kinder TH, Bryden HL (1990) Aspiration of deep waters through straits. In: Pratts LJ (ed) The
physical oceanography of the Straits, NATO ASI Series (Mathematical and physical sciences),
vol 318. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0677-8_14
Kinder TH, Parrilla G (1987) Yes, some of the Mediterranean outflow does come from great depth.
J Geophys Res 92(C3):2901–2906
Krahmann G, Schott F (1998) Long term increases in Western Mediterranean salinities and
temperatures: anthropogenic and climatic sources. Geophys Res Lett 25(22):4209–4212.
https://doi.org/10.1029/1998GL900143
La Violette PE (1984) The advection of submesoscale thermal features in the Alboran Sea gyre. J
Phys Oceanogr 14(3):550–565
Lacombe H, Tchernia P (1972) Caractères hydrologiques et circulation des eaux en Méditerranée.
In: Stanley DJ (ed) The Mediterranean Sea. Dowdentlutchinson and Ross, Stronsberg, pp 25–36
Lacombe H, Tchernia P, Gamberoni L (1985) Variable bottom water in the Western Mediterranean
basin. Prog Oceanogr 14:319–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/0079-6611(85)90015-1
Lanoix F (1974) Projet Alboran. Etude Hydrologique et dynamique de la mer d’Alboran. Tech Rep
66:39. NATO, Brussels
Leaman KD, Schott F (1991) Hydrographic structure of the convection regime in the Gulf of Lions:
Winter 1987. J Phys Oceanogr 21:575–598. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1991)021%
3C0575:HSOTCR%3E2.0.CO;2
Lebeaupin Brossier C, Leger F, Giordani H, Beuvier J, Bouin MN, Ducrocq V, Fourrié N (2017)
Dense Water Formation in the North-Western Mediterranean area during HyMeX-SOP2 in
1/36
ocean simulations: ocean-atmosphere coupling impact. J Geophys Res Oceans. https://
doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012526
Levitus S, Antonov JI, Boyer TP et al (2012) World ocean heat content and thermosteric sea level
change (0-2000 m), 1955-2010. Geophys Res Lett 39:L10603. https://doi.org/10.1029/
2012GL051106
Llasses J, Jordà G, Gomis D (2015) Skills of different hydrographic networks in capturing changes
in the Mediterranean Sea at climate scales. Clim Res 63:1–18. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr01270
López-Jurado JL (1990) Masas de agua alrededor de las Islas Baleares. Bol Inst Esp Oceanogr 6
(2):3–20
López-Jurado JL, García-Lafuente J, Cano N (1995) Hydrographic conditions of the Ibiza Channel
during November 1990, March 1991 and July 1992. Oceanol Acta 18(2):235–243
López-Jurado JL, Balbín T, Amengual B, Aparicio-González A, Fernández de Puelles ML, GarcíaMartínez MC, Gaza M, Jansá J, Morillas-Kieffer A, Moya F, Santiago R, Serra M, VargasYáñez M, Vicente L (2015) The RADMED monitoring program: towards an ecosystem
approach. Ocean Sci Discuss 12:645–671. https://doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-645-2015
Ludwig W, Dumont E, Meybeck M, Heussner S (2009) River discharges of water and nutrients to
the Mediterranean and Black Sea: major drivers for ecosystem changes during past and future
decades. Prog Oceanogr 80:199–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2009.02.001
MEDAR Group (2002) Mediterranean and Black Sea Database of temperature, salinity and
biochemical parameters and climatological atlas (4 CD-ROMs). Ifremer Ed., Plouzane, France.
http://www.ifremer.fr/sismer/program/medar
MEDOC Group (1970) Observation of the formation of Deep Water in the Mediterranean Sea,
1969. Nature 227(5262):1037–1040. https://doi.org/10.1038/2271037a0
Mihanovic H, Janekovic I, Viblic I, Kovacevic V, Bensi M (2018) Modelling interannual changes
in dense water formation on the Northern Adriatic shelf. Pure Appl Geophys 175:4065–4081.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-018-1935-5
Millot C (2009) Another description of the Mediterranean Sea outflow. Prog Oceanogr 82
(2):101–124
4 The Oceanographic and Climatic Context
107