hydraulic steering gear. American Sparrow missiles use solid–gas generator to drive
the hydraulic energy of gas–liquid accumulator-type seeker and nitrogen-driven
gas–liquid accumulator-type driver. The British Sea Javelin Ship-to-Air Missile
adopts gas motor driven hydraulic steering gear. Italian Aspider general air defense
missile uses gas turbine pump and electro-hydraulic energy to drive the hydraulic
steering gear and antenna hydraulic servo mechanism. The storage temperature
range of aircraft is generally between À40 and þ 60
C. The hydraulic actuator or
servo mechanism of missile or rocket mostly adopts small capacity, high-pressure
closed hydraulic system, and the extreme working temperature of hydraulic oil
reaches þ 160
C or higher. The hydraulic components of aircraft must work
normally in a wide temperature range, but the performance problems under extreme
low-temperature and extreme high-temperature conditions will become more
complex.
In the ground state, the accumulator chamber and booster tank cylinder are
inflated, and the gas is filled to a certain pressure. During the stage of storage,
transportation, launching, and flying of aircraft, the range of temperature variation
is usually large. How to ensure the normal operation of the air chamber and its
hydraulic accumulator in the whole temperature range is extremely important. At
present, there are many studies on the performance of hydraulic accumulator under
general environmental conditions, but there are few studies on the performance of
hydraulic accumulator under extreme temperature conditions.
8.3.2 Van der Waals Equation for Real Gases
Aircraft often use hydraulic accumulator to absorb pressure impact or supply
hydraulic energy, or pressurize the tank of closed hydraulic system by gas stored in
cylinder. The gas pressure in a hydraulic accumulator or cylinder varies with the
temperature of the storage environment, which usually varies in a wide range. For
example, when the air chamber is inflated at the ambient temperature of : À 40
C:
in winter and used at þ 160
C in summer, the gas pressure in the hydraulic
accumulator or cylinder rises greatly, and the pressure often exceeds the prescribed
range of use. Therefore, in order to ensure that the pressure of the air chamber of the
aircraft hydraulic system is within the normal range, when inflating the air chamber
of an aircraft, the inflatable management is often carried out according to the actual
operating conditions according to the two groups of operating conditions in autumn,
winter and spring and summer. Real gas and ideal gas are very different under
different conditions. Under the conditions of low density, low temperature (compared with room temperature), and low pressure (compared with atmospheric
pressure), the real gas obeys the state equation of ideal gas. Under high pressure or
low temperature, the state change of real gas is quite different from that of ideal gas.
In the analysis and application of engineering technology, the gas characteristics
8.3 Aircraft Hydraulic Accumulator and Cylinder …
41
the hydraulic energy of gas–liquid accumulator-type seeker and nitrogen-driven
gas–liquid accumulator-type driver. The British Sea Javelin Ship-to-Air Missile
adopts gas motor driven hydraulic steering gear. Italian Aspider general air defense
missile uses gas turbine pump and electro-hydraulic energy to drive the hydraulic
steering gear and antenna hydraulic servo mechanism. The storage temperature
range of aircraft is generally between À40 and þ 60
C. The hydraulic actuator or
servo mechanism of missile or rocket mostly adopts small capacity, high-pressure
closed hydraulic system, and the extreme working temperature of hydraulic oil
reaches þ 160
C or higher. The hydraulic components of aircraft must work
normally in a wide temperature range, but the performance problems under extreme
low-temperature and extreme high-temperature conditions will become more
complex.
In the ground state, the accumulator chamber and booster tank cylinder are
inflated, and the gas is filled to a certain pressure. During the stage of storage,
transportation, launching, and flying of aircraft, the range of temperature variation
is usually large. How to ensure the normal operation of the air chamber and its
hydraulic accumulator in the whole temperature range is extremely important. At
present, there are many studies on the performance of hydraulic accumulator under
general environmental conditions, but there are few studies on the performance of
hydraulic accumulator under extreme temperature conditions.
8.3.2 Van der Waals Equation for Real Gases
Aircraft often use hydraulic accumulator to absorb pressure impact or supply
hydraulic energy, or pressurize the tank of closed hydraulic system by gas stored in
cylinder. The gas pressure in a hydraulic accumulator or cylinder varies with the
temperature of the storage environment, which usually varies in a wide range. For
example, when the air chamber is inflated at the ambient temperature of : À 40
C:
in winter and used at þ 160
C in summer, the gas pressure in the hydraulic
accumulator or cylinder rises greatly, and the pressure often exceeds the prescribed
range of use. Therefore, in order to ensure that the pressure of the air chamber of the
aircraft hydraulic system is within the normal range, when inflating the air chamber
of an aircraft, the inflatable management is often carried out according to the actual
operating conditions according to the two groups of operating conditions in autumn,
winter and spring and summer. Real gas and ideal gas are very different under
different conditions. Under the conditions of low density, low temperature (compared with room temperature), and low pressure (compared with atmospheric
pressure), the real gas obeys the state equation of ideal gas. Under high pressure or
low temperature, the state change of real gas is quite different from that of ideal gas.
In the analysis and application of engineering technology, the gas characteristics
8.3 Aircraft Hydraulic Accumulator and Cylinder …
41