80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Mechanical efficiency %
0
100
200
300
400
500
600

Brake mean effective pressure (KN/m 2 )

Diesel fuel
Rapeseed oil-advanced
Rapeseed oil-standard
32
Alternative Fuels for Transportation
Figure 2.4
Mechanical efficiency of rapeseed oil. (From Nwafor, O. M. I., Rice, G., and Ogbonna, A. I.,
Renewable Energy, 21, 433–44, 2000. Reproduced with permission from Elsevier Publications.)

0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Exhaust gas temperature (ºC)
0:100 (R:D)
25:75 (R:D)
50:50 (R:D)
75:25 (R:D)
100:0 (R:D)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700

BMEP (kN/m 2 )

Figure 2.5
Exhaust gas temperature of rubber seed oil-diesel blends.
and cylinder wall, and hence improved the engine compression for efficient
combustion.
Ramadhas, Jayaraj, and Muraleedharan (2005a) reported that the exhaust
gas temperature also increases with increase in rubber seed oil concentration in the blend (Figure 2.5). Rubber seed oil, which contains some amount