241
Compressed Natural Gas
can operate on either fuel at the flip of a switch. Bi-fuel vehicles
are most appropriate where the driver may need to travel to areas
not currently served by NG stations. Compared to other fuels it is
also economical and environmentally friendly.
6. Transition to hydrogen: Since hydrogen is a gas, hydrogen-po wered
vehicles will require changes in a number of areas, including
buildving codes and standards, mechanic/inspector/user training.
NGVs require many of the same changes. Therefore, a growing NGV
market today is smoothing the path for a hydrogen vehicle market
tomorrow.
8.8 Challenges for CNG
1. Fueling: NG refueling process is slow. Low-volumetric efficiency of
engine and low-energy density result in low-engine performance.
2. Vehicle cost: NG vehicles cost more than comparable gasoline or diesel models because of its low-production volumes and the greater
cost of fuel storage tanks.
3. Driving range: Compared to a volumetric gallon of gasoline or diesel
fuel, there is less energy in an energy gallon equivalent of NG (both
CNG and LNG). Therefore, the driving range of vehicles operating
on NG is less. Natural gas vehicles need pressurized fuel storage
tanks. The present storage capacity has a range of about 150 km.
4. On-board NG fuel tanks are larger than comparable gasoline or diesel fuel tanks. There are inconsistent NG fuel properties around the
world.
References
Aslam, M. U., H. H. Masjuki, M. A. Kalam, H. Abdesselam, T. M. I. Mahlia, and
M. A. Amalina. 2006. An experimental investigation of CNG as an alternative
fuel for a retrofitted gasoline vehicle. Fuel 85:717–24.
Astbury, G. R. 2008. A review of the properties and hazards of some alternative fuels.
Process Safety and Environment Protection 86:397–414.
Carvalho, A. D. 1985. Natural gas and other alternative fuels for transportation
purposes. Energy 10: 187–215.
CONCAWE. 1995. Alternative fuels in the automotive market. CONCAWE Report
No. 2/95.
Compressed Natural Gas
can operate on either fuel at the flip of a switch. Bi-fuel vehicles
are most appropriate where the driver may need to travel to areas
not currently served by NG stations. Compared to other fuels it is
also economical and environmentally friendly.
6. Transition to hydrogen: Since hydrogen is a gas, hydrogen-po wered
vehicles will require changes in a number of areas, including
buildving codes and standards, mechanic/inspector/user training.
NGVs require many of the same changes. Therefore, a growing NGV
market today is smoothing the path for a hydrogen vehicle market
tomorrow.
8.8 Challenges for CNG
1. Fueling: NG refueling process is slow. Low-volumetric efficiency of
engine and low-energy density result in low-engine performance.
2. Vehicle cost: NG vehicles cost more than comparable gasoline or diesel models because of its low-production volumes and the greater
cost of fuel storage tanks.
3. Driving range: Compared to a volumetric gallon of gasoline or diesel
fuel, there is less energy in an energy gallon equivalent of NG (both
CNG and LNG). Therefore, the driving range of vehicles operating
on NG is less. Natural gas vehicles need pressurized fuel storage
tanks. The present storage capacity has a range of about 150 km.
4. On-board NG fuel tanks are larger than comparable gasoline or diesel fuel tanks. There are inconsistent NG fuel properties around the
world.
References
Aslam, M. U., H. H. Masjuki, M. A. Kalam, H. Abdesselam, T. M. I. Mahlia, and
M. A. Amalina. 2006. An experimental investigation of CNG as an alternative
fuel for a retrofitted gasoline vehicle. Fuel 85:717–24.
Astbury, G. R. 2008. A review of the properties and hazards of some alternative fuels.
Process Safety and Environment Protection 86:397–414.
Carvalho, A. D. 1985. Natural gas and other alternative fuels for transportation
purposes. Energy 10: 187–215.
CONCAWE. 1995. Alternative fuels in the automotive market. CONCAWE Report
No. 2/95.