on these results, alternative photoirradiation and heating/cooling procedures were
utilized to treat the supramolecular nanoassemblies; thus, the inverted helicity
and CPL performances could be reversibly repeated during the treatment processes.
Therefore, the switched inversion of supramolecular chirality and CPL are successfully
realized in one kind of chiral nanostructures by using the co-assembly strategy.
11.4 Conclusion
CPL-active materials have potential applications in various research fields. To
achieve this goal, molecular gelator could be regarded as one of the better
candidates because of the precisely adjustable intermolecular interactions and
enhanced performances in relating to CPL [40–41]. Now, the introduction of
new fluorescent materials and the concept of self-assembly have led to the rapid
development of CPL-active materials [42–44]. For the research of materials
with CPL activities, supramolecular gels provide a broad platform. Besides the
self-assembly from chiral luminophores, chiral supramolecular gels could be
fabricated from many of the building blocks either chiral or achiral. On the basis
of various noncovalent interactions such as H-bond, π–π stacking, host–guest
interaction and so on, non-CPL-active isolated chiral gelators could assembly into
supramolecular gels exhibiting CPL performance. Analogously, chiral gel matrixes
can load or encapsulate achiral luminophores; the achiral luminophores thereby are
endowed with CPL activity. This is beneficial not only for organic system but
also for inorganic system. Except for the construction of CPL-active materials
through gelation, supramolecular gels also can further develop their functions
such as energy transfer, CPL switch, and so on. The energy-transfer amplified
dissymmetry in gel systems will serve as an excellent platform for expanding the
fabrication of highly efficient CPL-active materials. It is worth further research in
the future. Although CPL-active gels have shown their application in some cases,
a future effort for the CPL application is still in its infancy.
References
1. Josse P, Favereau L, Shen C, Dabos-Seignon S, Blanchard P, Cabanetos C, Crassous J (2017)
Enantiopure versus racemic naphthalimide end-capped helicenic non-fullerene electron
acceptors: impact on organic photovoltaics performance. Chem Eur J 23:6277–6281
2. Li M, Li SH, Zhang DD, Cai MH, Duan L, Fung MK, Chen CF (2018) Stable enantiomers
displaying thermally activated delayed fluorescence: efficient OLEDs with circularly polarized
electroluminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed 57:2889–2893
3. Hellou N, Srebro-Hooper M, Favereau L, Zinna F, Caytan E, Toupet L, Dorcet V, Jean M,
Vanthuyne N, Williams JAG, Di Bari L, Autschbach J, Crassous J (2017) Enantiopure
cycloiridiated complexes bearing a pentahelicenic N-heterocyclic carbene and displaying
long-lived circularly polarized phosphorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed 56:8236–8239
11 Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Gelator Molecules: From Isolated. . .
269
utilized to treat the supramolecular nanoassemblies; thus, the inverted helicity
and CPL performances could be reversibly repeated during the treatment processes.
Therefore, the switched inversion of supramolecular chirality and CPL are successfully
realized in one kind of chiral nanostructures by using the co-assembly strategy.
11.4 Conclusion
CPL-active materials have potential applications in various research fields. To
achieve this goal, molecular gelator could be regarded as one of the better
candidates because of the precisely adjustable intermolecular interactions and
enhanced performances in relating to CPL [40–41]. Now, the introduction of
new fluorescent materials and the concept of self-assembly have led to the rapid
development of CPL-active materials [42–44]. For the research of materials
with CPL activities, supramolecular gels provide a broad platform. Besides the
self-assembly from chiral luminophores, chiral supramolecular gels could be
fabricated from many of the building blocks either chiral or achiral. On the basis
of various noncovalent interactions such as H-bond, π–π stacking, host–guest
interaction and so on, non-CPL-active isolated chiral gelators could assembly into
supramolecular gels exhibiting CPL performance. Analogously, chiral gel matrixes
can load or encapsulate achiral luminophores; the achiral luminophores thereby are
endowed with CPL activity. This is beneficial not only for organic system but
also for inorganic system. Except for the construction of CPL-active materials
through gelation, supramolecular gels also can further develop their functions
such as energy transfer, CPL switch, and so on. The energy-transfer amplified
dissymmetry in gel systems will serve as an excellent platform for expanding the
fabrication of highly efficient CPL-active materials. It is worth further research in
the future. Although CPL-active gels have shown their application in some cases,
a future effort for the CPL application is still in its infancy.
References
1. Josse P, Favereau L, Shen C, Dabos-Seignon S, Blanchard P, Cabanetos C, Crassous J (2017)
Enantiopure versus racemic naphthalimide end-capped helicenic non-fullerene electron
acceptors: impact on organic photovoltaics performance. Chem Eur J 23:6277–6281
2. Li M, Li SH, Zhang DD, Cai MH, Duan L, Fung MK, Chen CF (2018) Stable enantiomers
displaying thermally activated delayed fluorescence: efficient OLEDs with circularly polarized
electroluminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed 57:2889–2893
3. Hellou N, Srebro-Hooper M, Favereau L, Zinna F, Caytan E, Toupet L, Dorcet V, Jean M,
Vanthuyne N, Williams JAG, Di Bari L, Autschbach J, Crassous J (2017) Enantiopure
cycloiridiated complexes bearing a pentahelicenic N-heterocyclic carbene and displaying
long-lived circularly polarized phosphorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed 56:8236–8239
11 Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Gelator Molecules: From Isolated. . .
269