fighters), TINSEL, (radio transmissions from the bombers to drown out
radio communications between German fighters and their controllers),
CIGAR, (German-speaking RAF operators assigned to transmit false and
confusing directions to German fighters) and SERRATE, (airborne radar
fitted to RAF night-fighters on Intruder operations to enable them to track
and attack German night-fighters).
17. The speed of light (electromagnetic radiation) is 299,792,458 m s
−1
.
A wavelength of 6.7 m means there are *45 million complete cycles sec
−1
,
i.e. *45 MHz.
18. The target range to achieve at the beginning of 1939 was about 4 miles.
Bowen, op. cit. (note 7), p. 65.
19. Bowen, op. cit. (note 7), p. 81.
20. Bowen, op. cit. (note 7), p. 89.
21. Bowen, op. cit. (note 7), p. 147.
22. The ‘Tizard mission’ was an enticement to the USA to provide material help
to the UK and the Commonwealth to continue the war ‘on behalf of all
civilization’. It occurred before Roosevelt signed the ‘Lease-Lend’ Bill in
March 1941. The information provided by the British delegation contained
some of the greatest scientific advances made during the war: Radar (in
particular the greatly improved cavity magnetron) and design for the proximity fuse, details of Frank Whittle’s jet engine and the Frisch-Peierls
memorandum, which described the feasibility of an atomic bomb. Though
these may be considered the most significant, many other items were also
transported, including designs for rockets, superchargers, gyroscopic gun
sights, submarine detection devices, self-sealing fuel tanks and plastic
explosives (Wikipedia). The Tizard mission, was instrumental in installing
the first airborne radars in US aircraft. The greatest achievement of the
mission was to pass on the secret of the resonant magnetron to the US only a
few months after its invention at Birmingham University. This was the device
that eventually brought about a revolution in Allied radar, putting it far ahead
of the corresponding German technology for the remainder of the war.
Roosevelt’s ‘lend-lease’ was a program under which the United States supplied Great Britain, the USSR, Republic of China, Free France, and other
Allied nations with materiel between 1941 and August 1945. ‘Reverse
lease-lend’ refers to the reciprocal relationship where the beneficiaries of
lease-lend provided the USA with important material they would otherwise
not have had access to.
23. Sir Bernard Lovell FRS, ‘The cavity magnetron in World War II: Was the
secrecy justified?’ Notes and Records, Royal Society. Lond, 58(3), 283–294,
(2004).
24. Radar, Issue No. 3, 30 June 1944, a US Army Publication. From http://apss.
org.uk/projects/APSS_projects/radar/H2S/images/norman01s.jpg.
448
D. Sheppard
radio communications between German fighters and their controllers),
CIGAR, (German-speaking RAF operators assigned to transmit false and
confusing directions to German fighters) and SERRATE, (airborne radar
fitted to RAF night-fighters on Intruder operations to enable them to track
and attack German night-fighters).
17. The speed of light (electromagnetic radiation) is 299,792,458 m s
−1
.
A wavelength of 6.7 m means there are *45 million complete cycles sec
−1
,
i.e. *45 MHz.
18. The target range to achieve at the beginning of 1939 was about 4 miles.
Bowen, op. cit. (note 7), p. 65.
19. Bowen, op. cit. (note 7), p. 81.
20. Bowen, op. cit. (note 7), p. 89.
21. Bowen, op. cit. (note 7), p. 147.
22. The ‘Tizard mission’ was an enticement to the USA to provide material help
to the UK and the Commonwealth to continue the war ‘on behalf of all
civilization’. It occurred before Roosevelt signed the ‘Lease-Lend’ Bill in
March 1941. The information provided by the British delegation contained
some of the greatest scientific advances made during the war: Radar (in
particular the greatly improved cavity magnetron) and design for the proximity fuse, details of Frank Whittle’s jet engine and the Frisch-Peierls
memorandum, which described the feasibility of an atomic bomb. Though
these may be considered the most significant, many other items were also
transported, including designs for rockets, superchargers, gyroscopic gun
sights, submarine detection devices, self-sealing fuel tanks and plastic
explosives (Wikipedia). The Tizard mission, was instrumental in installing
the first airborne radars in US aircraft. The greatest achievement of the
mission was to pass on the secret of the resonant magnetron to the US only a
few months after its invention at Birmingham University. This was the device
that eventually brought about a revolution in Allied radar, putting it far ahead
of the corresponding German technology for the remainder of the war.
Roosevelt’s ‘lend-lease’ was a program under which the United States supplied Great Britain, the USSR, Republic of China, Free France, and other
Allied nations with materiel between 1941 and August 1945. ‘Reverse
lease-lend’ refers to the reciprocal relationship where the beneficiaries of
lease-lend provided the USA with important material they would otherwise
not have had access to.
23. Sir Bernard Lovell FRS, ‘The cavity magnetron in World War II: Was the
secrecy justified?’ Notes and Records, Royal Society. Lond, 58(3), 283–294,
(2004).
24. Radar, Issue No. 3, 30 June 1944, a US Army Publication. From http://apss.
org.uk/projects/APSS_projects/radar/H2S/images/norman01s.jpg.
448
D. Sheppard