Mai on 15 August 1922 at a nursing home in London (The Times, Births, 19
August 1922).
22. Of course Max Meyer had already been taking action to ‘hide’ Haber’s
money, (Chap. 14). The appearance of the Allies at Ludwigshafen and the
subsequent inclusion of Haber’s name on a list of ‘war criminals’ meant that
his royalties might be confiscated as the Allies took financial control of the
BASF’s plants. The new contract was probably agreed just before Robert left
Germany and can only be seen as an honourable act by Haber in favour of a
respected colleague.
23. Confirmed for me by Prof. Szöllössi-Janze in her email of 01 August 2011.
See also Chap. 14.
24. But as a munitions plant, Bosch was mis-informed. Hansard 07 April 1925
quotes Article 172 of the Versailles Treaty, which provided that ‘the German
Government should disclose to the Allied and Associated Powers the nature
and mode of manufacture of all such chemicals as are here in question’.
25. Production figures at the time, upon which Haber’s royalties were based,
reflect the influence of the occupation. (See Szöllözi-Janze’s figures in
Chap. 14). In 1918, 116,383,750 kg ammonia were produced. In 1919
however, the figure was just 69,433,000 kg, roughly 60% of the previous
year and largely due to Leuna which continued to work ‘normally’. If Robert
received any payments during this time they fell accordingly.
26. The plant, at La Grande Paroisse in the Seine-et-Marne department in the
Île-de-France region in north-central France would be built to BASF’s
specifications, it would produce up to 100 tonnes ammonia a day and have
access to BASF’s technological improvements for the next fifteen years. In
return, the French would allow Oppau and Leuna to continue production,
and they would pay the BASF five million Francs together with a small
royalty on every tonne of ammonia produced. Hager, op. cit. (note 1).
27. The latter responsible for producing the nitric acid and explosives.
28. Before the WW1, German was undoubtedly the language of science. Only
after the war was it sidelined by English in a deliberate act which tried to
disengage German science from the mainstream.
29. For whatever reason, Robert never seemed to ‘publicly’ acknowledge his role
in nitrogen fixation. Was it a natural reluctance, a fear of upstaging Haber, or
maybe not wanting to attract attention to his private contract?
30. ‘Synthetic Ammonia and Nitrates Limited’, The Times, 05 June 1920, p. 21.
31. Reported in, Hansard, on 07 April 1925. (also op. cit. (note 24)).
32. Hager, op. cit. (note 1), p. 206.
33. Births, deaths and marriages within the family were almost invariably
announced in London in The Times.
34. Robert Marc Friedman, Neutrality in Twentieth-Century Europe. Intersections
of Science, Culture, and Politics after the First World War. Routledge Studies in
Cultural History, (2012), references, 1–60, pp. 111–114.
358
D. Sheppard
August 1922).
22. Of course Max Meyer had already been taking action to ‘hide’ Haber’s
money, (Chap. 14). The appearance of the Allies at Ludwigshafen and the
subsequent inclusion of Haber’s name on a list of ‘war criminals’ meant that
his royalties might be confiscated as the Allies took financial control of the
BASF’s plants. The new contract was probably agreed just before Robert left
Germany and can only be seen as an honourable act by Haber in favour of a
respected colleague.
23. Confirmed for me by Prof. Szöllössi-Janze in her email of 01 August 2011.
See also Chap. 14.
24. But as a munitions plant, Bosch was mis-informed. Hansard 07 April 1925
quotes Article 172 of the Versailles Treaty, which provided that ‘the German
Government should disclose to the Allied and Associated Powers the nature
and mode of manufacture of all such chemicals as are here in question’.
25. Production figures at the time, upon which Haber’s royalties were based,
reflect the influence of the occupation. (See Szöllözi-Janze’s figures in
Chap. 14). In 1918, 116,383,750 kg ammonia were produced. In 1919
however, the figure was just 69,433,000 kg, roughly 60% of the previous
year and largely due to Leuna which continued to work ‘normally’. If Robert
received any payments during this time they fell accordingly.
26. The plant, at La Grande Paroisse in the Seine-et-Marne department in the
Île-de-France region in north-central France would be built to BASF’s
specifications, it would produce up to 100 tonnes ammonia a day and have
access to BASF’s technological improvements for the next fifteen years. In
return, the French would allow Oppau and Leuna to continue production,
and they would pay the BASF five million Francs together with a small
royalty on every tonne of ammonia produced. Hager, op. cit. (note 1).
27. The latter responsible for producing the nitric acid and explosives.
28. Before the WW1, German was undoubtedly the language of science. Only
after the war was it sidelined by English in a deliberate act which tried to
disengage German science from the mainstream.
29. For whatever reason, Robert never seemed to ‘publicly’ acknowledge his role
in nitrogen fixation. Was it a natural reluctance, a fear of upstaging Haber, or
maybe not wanting to attract attention to his private contract?
30. ‘Synthetic Ammonia and Nitrates Limited’, The Times, 05 June 1920, p. 21.
31. Reported in, Hansard, on 07 April 1925. (also op. cit. (note 24)).
32. Hager, op. cit. (note 1), p. 206.
33. Births, deaths and marriages within the family were almost invariably
announced in London in The Times.
34. Robert Marc Friedman, Neutrality in Twentieth-Century Europe. Intersections
of Science, Culture, and Politics after the First World War. Routledge Studies in
Cultural History, (2012), references, 1–60, pp. 111–114.
358
D. Sheppard