CaO þ 3C ¼ CaC 2 þ CO
The molten carbide was removed, cooled, ground and reacted with pure
nitrogen
13 in iron retorts at about 1000 °C;
CaC 2 þ N 2 ¼ CaCN 2 þ C
Hydrolysis followed producing ammonia.
CaCN 2 þ 3H 2 O ¼ CaCO 3 þ 2NH 3
the whole being referred to as the ‘cyanamide’ or ‘Frank-Caro’ process, discovered by Fritz Rothe in 1898 and adapted for industrial use by Adolf Frank
and Nikodem Caro. The process became the first commercial method of
Fig. 3.1 An advanced German ammonia by-product recovery system, from Manuals of
Chemical Technology
12 1915
86
D. Sheppard
The molten carbide was removed, cooled, ground and reacted with pure
nitrogen
13 in iron retorts at about 1000 °C;
CaC 2 þ N 2 ¼ CaCN 2 þ C
Hydrolysis followed producing ammonia.
CaCN 2 þ 3H 2 O ¼ CaCO 3 þ 2NH 3
the whole being referred to as the ‘cyanamide’ or ‘Frank-Caro’ process, discovered by Fritz Rothe in 1898 and adapted for industrial use by Adolf Frank
and Nikodem Caro. The process became the first commercial method of
Fig. 3.1 An advanced German ammonia by-product recovery system, from Manuals of
Chemical Technology
12 1915
86
D. Sheppard