Chapter 3
Synthesis of One-Dimensional
Nanomaterials
With the development of nanotechnology, nanostructures have been a focus of
research, particularly in the field of electrochemical energy storage. Since the groundbreaking discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the 1990s, 1D nanostructures have
attracted much research interest because of their remarkable physical/chemical properties and great potential in nanotechnology applications. In particular, 1D nanostructure can provide direct current pathways, shorten the ion diffusion distance, lower the
charge–discharge time, increase the electrolyte–electrode contact area, limit mechanical degradation, and accommodate volume expansion. 1D nanostructure has one
singular nanostructure, and types of 1D homostructure include nanowires, nanorods,
nanotubes, and nanobelt. Furthermore, unlike typical 1D nanostructure, complex 1D
nanostructures consist of multiple components. Types of complex 1D nanostructure
include core–shell nanostructures, array architectures, branched nanowires, hollow
nanostructure, and fiber structures. This synergistic effect between each component
endows heterostructured electrodes with better electrical conductivity, greater electrochemical cycle stability and reversibility, faster ion transport, improved mechanical stability, etc. The synthesis of 1D nanostructures includes both top-down and
bottom-up approaches. Representative bottom-up routes, including various vaporbased approaches and solution-based synthetic approaches, have been studied extensively. An integrated overview of the synthetic methods of 1D nanomaterials is
presented in this section.
3.1 Metal Oxides/Sulfides
Metal oxides and sulfides are often used as active material for electrochemical energy
storage equipment because of their large capacity. Numerous works have shown that
by taking one step further into fabricating 1D nanoarchitecture or nanocomposites
with rational design, much better performance could be achieved. Particular attention
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
H. Pang et al., Synthesis of Functional Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7372-5_3
31
Synthesis of One-Dimensional
Nanomaterials
With the development of nanotechnology, nanostructures have been a focus of
research, particularly in the field of electrochemical energy storage. Since the groundbreaking discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the 1990s, 1D nanostructures have
attracted much research interest because of their remarkable physical/chemical properties and great potential in nanotechnology applications. In particular, 1D nanostructure can provide direct current pathways, shorten the ion diffusion distance, lower the
charge–discharge time, increase the electrolyte–electrode contact area, limit mechanical degradation, and accommodate volume expansion. 1D nanostructure has one
singular nanostructure, and types of 1D homostructure include nanowires, nanorods,
nanotubes, and nanobelt. Furthermore, unlike typical 1D nanostructure, complex 1D
nanostructures consist of multiple components. Types of complex 1D nanostructure
include core–shell nanostructures, array architectures, branched nanowires, hollow
nanostructure, and fiber structures. This synergistic effect between each component
endows heterostructured electrodes with better electrical conductivity, greater electrochemical cycle stability and reversibility, faster ion transport, improved mechanical stability, etc. The synthesis of 1D nanostructures includes both top-down and
bottom-up approaches. Representative bottom-up routes, including various vaporbased approaches and solution-based synthetic approaches, have been studied extensively. An integrated overview of the synthetic methods of 1D nanomaterials is
presented in this section.
3.1 Metal Oxides/Sulfides
Metal oxides and sulfides are often used as active material for electrochemical energy
storage equipment because of their large capacity. Numerous works have shown that
by taking one step further into fabricating 1D nanoarchitecture or nanocomposites
with rational design, much better performance could be achieved. Particular attention
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
H. Pang et al., Synthesis of Functional Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7372-5_3
31