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J. R. Prasad et al.
3.6 Logic
It is the discipline having study of reasoning conducted or assessed according to
strict principles of validity. Logic provides formal languages with well understood
formal semantics. Most important about logic is conclusions can be inferred from
given knowledge with the help of logic. It is more general than ontologies. Intelligent
agents can make use of it to make decisions and select further courses of action. Logic
must be machine-process able and must be usable in conjunction with other data for
the purpose of Web.
3.7 Agents
Agents represent pieces of software which work independently and proactively to
make the decision making process simpler for a web user. Agents are not the replacement for the human users in semantic web. They are not going to make decisions as
well. However, they can collect and organize data, provide multiple and preferable
solutions to the user and thus facilitates the human user to take appropriate decisions while surfing the web. Semantic web agents use metadata to find and retrieve
information from Web documents. Boosting of Web searches, easy understanding
of recovered information, and effective communication with other agents is possible
by using ontologies. Information is processed and conclusions can be drawn using
logic by agents.
4 The Semantic Web Stack
A semantic web stack is shown in Fig. 3. In a conference held at Washington DC,
in Dec 2000, Tim Berners-Lee presented this layered structure of semantic web
stack [8]. The layers of this system are structured in such a way that higher levels
are developed by exploiting the syntax and semantics of lower levels. This primary
discussion in this paper is about ontology and software agent based computations.
Higher levels further empower the functionality.
W3C standards have specified following technologies for semantic web:
• Resource Description Framework (RDF),
• RDF Schema (RDFS),
• Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS),
• SPARQL, a query language for RDF,
• Notation3 (N3), with sophisticated human-readability,
• N-Triples, a data storage and transmission format,
• Turtle (Terse RDF Triple Language),
• Web Ontology Language (OWL), a family of languages representing information,
J. R. Prasad et al.
3.6 Logic
It is the discipline having study of reasoning conducted or assessed according to
strict principles of validity. Logic provides formal languages with well understood
formal semantics. Most important about logic is conclusions can be inferred from
given knowledge with the help of logic. It is more general than ontologies. Intelligent
agents can make use of it to make decisions and select further courses of action. Logic
must be machine-process able and must be usable in conjunction with other data for
the purpose of Web.
3.7 Agents
Agents represent pieces of software which work independently and proactively to
make the decision making process simpler for a web user. Agents are not the replacement for the human users in semantic web. They are not going to make decisions as
well. However, they can collect and organize data, provide multiple and preferable
solutions to the user and thus facilitates the human user to take appropriate decisions while surfing the web. Semantic web agents use metadata to find and retrieve
information from Web documents. Boosting of Web searches, easy understanding
of recovered information, and effective communication with other agents is possible
by using ontologies. Information is processed and conclusions can be drawn using
logic by agents.
4 The Semantic Web Stack
A semantic web stack is shown in Fig. 3. In a conference held at Washington DC,
in Dec 2000, Tim Berners-Lee presented this layered structure of semantic web
stack [8]. The layers of this system are structured in such a way that higher levels
are developed by exploiting the syntax and semantics of lower levels. This primary
discussion in this paper is about ontology and software agent based computations.
Higher levels further empower the functionality.
W3C standards have specified following technologies for semantic web:
• Resource Description Framework (RDF),
• RDF Schema (RDFS),
• Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS),
• SPARQL, a query language for RDF,
• Notation3 (N3), with sophisticated human-readability,
• N-Triples, a data storage and transmission format,
• Turtle (Terse RDF Triple Language),
• Web Ontology Language (OWL), a family of languages representing information,