Chapter 2
Catalog and Illustrative Examples
of Lightweight Cryptographic Primitives
Aleksandra Mileva, Vesna Dimitrova, Orhun Kara,
and Miodrag J. Mihaljevi´ c
Abstract The main objective of this chapter is to offer to practitioners, researchers
and all interested parties a brief categorized catalog of existing lightweight symmetric primitives with their main cryptographic features, ultimate hardware performance, and existing security analysis, so they can easily compare the ciphers
or choose some of them according to their needs. Certain security evaluation
issues have been addressed as well. In particular, the reason behind why modern
lightweight block cipher designs have in the last decade overwhelmingly dominated
stream cipher design is analyzed in terms of security against tradeoff attacks. It turns
out that it is possible to design stream ciphers having much smaller internal states.
2.1 Introduction
Lightweight cryptography aims to deploy cryptographic algorithms in resourceconstrained devices such as embedded systems, RFID devices and sensor networks. The cryptographic community has done a significant amount of work in
this area, including design, implementation and cryptanalysis of new lightweight
cryptographic algorithms, together with efficient implementation of conventional
cryptography algorithms in constrained environments (see the Lightweight CrypA. Mileva ()
Universitet “Goce Delcev”, Štip, Republic of Macedonia
e-mail: aleksandra.mileva@ugd.edu.mk
V. Dimitrova
University “Ss Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
O. Kara
Department of Mathematics, IZTECH Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
e-mail: orhunkara@iyte.edu.tr
M. J. Mihaljevi´ c
Mathematical Institute, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
© The Author(s) 2021
G. Avoine, J. Hernandez-Castro (eds.), Security of Ubiquitous Computing Systems,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10591-4_2
21
Catalog and Illustrative Examples
of Lightweight Cryptographic Primitives
Aleksandra Mileva, Vesna Dimitrova, Orhun Kara,
and Miodrag J. Mihaljevi´ c
Abstract The main objective of this chapter is to offer to practitioners, researchers
and all interested parties a brief categorized catalog of existing lightweight symmetric primitives with their main cryptographic features, ultimate hardware performance, and existing security analysis, so they can easily compare the ciphers
or choose some of them according to their needs. Certain security evaluation
issues have been addressed as well. In particular, the reason behind why modern
lightweight block cipher designs have in the last decade overwhelmingly dominated
stream cipher design is analyzed in terms of security against tradeoff attacks. It turns
out that it is possible to design stream ciphers having much smaller internal states.
2.1 Introduction
Lightweight cryptography aims to deploy cryptographic algorithms in resourceconstrained devices such as embedded systems, RFID devices and sensor networks. The cryptographic community has done a significant amount of work in
this area, including design, implementation and cryptanalysis of new lightweight
cryptographic algorithms, together with efficient implementation of conventional
cryptography algorithms in constrained environments (see the Lightweight CrypA. Mileva ()
Universitet “Goce Delcev”, Štip, Republic of Macedonia
e-mail: aleksandra.mileva@ugd.edu.mk
V. Dimitrova
University “Ss Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
O. Kara
Department of Mathematics, IZTECH Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
e-mail: orhunkara@iyte.edu.tr
M. J. Mihaljevi´ c
Mathematical Institute, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
© The Author(s) 2021
G. Avoine, J. Hernandez-Castro (eds.), Security of Ubiquitous Computing Systems,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10591-4_2
21