not have general authority to enforce the Act on the Protection of Personal Information Held by Administrative Organs, the Act on the Protection of Personal Information Held by Incorporated Administrative Agencies, or the ordinances of local
governments and municipalities.
2.4 Self-Regulation Instruments
To promote appropriate self-regulation for each industry and field of business, the
PPC accredits private organizations based on Articles 47–58 of the APPI. Accredited
personal information protection organizations are in charge of processing complaints
concerning personal information and are expected to develop guidelines, take
necessary measures, and make recommendations to ensure that operators within
their self-regulation authority comply.
The PPC publicly announces the personal information protection guidelines
submitted by the accredited personal information protection organizations and, if
necessary, collects a report from or issues an order to organizations. 44 organizations
have been accredited as of October 29, 2018.
5
3 Specific Problems Concerning Data Protection
in the Internet
3.1 Personal Data Processed by Electronic Means
Most of the “personal data” in the APPI are personal data processed by electronic
means and subject to regulations for that category.
As for the telecommunications business, The Ministry of Internal Affairs and
Communications (MIC), which supervises the telecommunications industry, publishes guidelines to help telecommunications carriers comply with the Telecommunications Business Law and the APPI.
6
5 PPC Webpage, Accredited Personal Information Protection Organizations, https://www.ppc.go.jp/.
Accessed 6 Nov 2018.
6 The PPC supervises the processing of personal information in general under the APPI and in the
context of electronic communications, as well. The MIC supervises the processing of information
handled by telecommunication carriers, especially those associated with confidential information
protected by secrecy of communications under the Telecommunications Business Law.
258
T. Komukai
governments and municipalities.
2.4 Self-Regulation Instruments
To promote appropriate self-regulation for each industry and field of business, the
PPC accredits private organizations based on Articles 47–58 of the APPI. Accredited
personal information protection organizations are in charge of processing complaints
concerning personal information and are expected to develop guidelines, take
necessary measures, and make recommendations to ensure that operators within
their self-regulation authority comply.
The PPC publicly announces the personal information protection guidelines
submitted by the accredited personal information protection organizations and, if
necessary, collects a report from or issues an order to organizations. 44 organizations
have been accredited as of October 29, 2018.
5
3 Specific Problems Concerning Data Protection
in the Internet
3.1 Personal Data Processed by Electronic Means
Most of the “personal data” in the APPI are personal data processed by electronic
means and subject to regulations for that category.
As for the telecommunications business, The Ministry of Internal Affairs and
Communications (MIC), which supervises the telecommunications industry, publishes guidelines to help telecommunications carriers comply with the Telecommunications Business Law and the APPI.
6
5 PPC Webpage, Accredited Personal Information Protection Organizations, https://www.ppc.go.jp/.
Accessed 6 Nov 2018.
6 The PPC supervises the processing of personal information in general under the APPI and in the
context of electronic communications, as well. The MIC supervises the processing of information
handled by telecommunication carriers, especially those associated with confidential information
protected by secrecy of communications under the Telecommunications Business Law.
258
T. Komukai