Advanced Technologies for Ecological
Reconstruction and Bioremediation
of Degraded Land
4
Marian Butu, Ioan Sarac, Mihaela Corneanu, and Monica Butnariu
Abstract
The need of knowledge on bioremediation and ecological reconstruction
technologies and their application in environmental degradation consists in achieving of the objectives regarding the remediation of soils and waters contaminated by
anthropogenic activities, especially industrial ones. The general goal is sustainable
use and development of natural resources and of the patrimony, represented by the
soil quality, in the evolution of global environmental conditions. Heavy metals
(HMs) contamination from mining activities is considered to be a serious environmental problem for many regions around the world. The property of HMs to
accumulate in the vegetal and animal organisms, including the human, as well as
the pathology they determine, justifies the interest that these pollutants arise.
Considering the acute toxicity of these contaminants, there is an urgent need to
develop sustainable and cost-effective methods for the accumulation, dissipation,
immobilization, and degradation of plant pollutants. The efficiency of biological
depollution activity and the success of bioremediation technologies result from the
conservation of microbiota and phytocoenosis biodiversity, from the ecological
reconstruction of anthropically degraded/polluted areas and from the bioremediation of the soil as an integrated ecologic biotechnology system.
Keywords
Soil · Microorganisms · Contamination · Heavy metals · Bioremediation ·
Ecological reconstruction · Degraded land
M. Butu
National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Splaiul Independentei,
Bucharest, Romania
I. Sarac · M. Corneanu · M. Butnariu (*)
Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”
from Timisoara, Timis, Romania
# Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
R. Prasad (ed.), Environmental Pollution and Remediation, Environmental and
Microbial Biotechnology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5499-5_4
81
Reconstruction and Bioremediation
of Degraded Land
4
Marian Butu, Ioan Sarac, Mihaela Corneanu, and Monica Butnariu
Abstract
The need of knowledge on bioremediation and ecological reconstruction
technologies and their application in environmental degradation consists in achieving of the objectives regarding the remediation of soils and waters contaminated by
anthropogenic activities, especially industrial ones. The general goal is sustainable
use and development of natural resources and of the patrimony, represented by the
soil quality, in the evolution of global environmental conditions. Heavy metals
(HMs) contamination from mining activities is considered to be a serious environmental problem for many regions around the world. The property of HMs to
accumulate in the vegetal and animal organisms, including the human, as well as
the pathology they determine, justifies the interest that these pollutants arise.
Considering the acute toxicity of these contaminants, there is an urgent need to
develop sustainable and cost-effective methods for the accumulation, dissipation,
immobilization, and degradation of plant pollutants. The efficiency of biological
depollution activity and the success of bioremediation technologies result from the
conservation of microbiota and phytocoenosis biodiversity, from the ecological
reconstruction of anthropically degraded/polluted areas and from the bioremediation of the soil as an integrated ecologic biotechnology system.
Keywords
Soil · Microorganisms · Contamination · Heavy metals · Bioremediation ·
Ecological reconstruction · Degraded land
M. Butu
National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Splaiul Independentei,
Bucharest, Romania
I. Sarac · M. Corneanu · M. Butnariu (*)
Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”
from Timisoara, Timis, Romania
# Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
R. Prasad (ed.), Environmental Pollution and Remediation, Environmental and
Microbial Biotechnology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5499-5_4
81