chemicals. Every effort should be made to minimize the exposure of such
contaminants to the animals and the environment. Several ways of accomplishing
this are building a modern scientific process to prevent the release of such
contaminants to the outside environment and also biological methods, including
the creation of hybrid organisms such as bacteria, fungi and yeast for the elimination
of such toxic components. Thus, the development of high throughput technologies in
the near future will certainly reduce the effects of such components in the
environment.
Acknowledgements Authors thank Prof. M. Sivanandham, Secretary, SVEHT and SVCE Management for their support and encouragement.
References
Ames J, Warner M, Siracusa C, Signorini S, Brambilla P, Mocarelli P, Eskenazi B (2019) Prenatal
dioxin exposure and neuropsychological functioning in the Seveso Second Generation Health
Study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 222(3):425–433
Assefa A, Tysklind M, Bignert A, Josefsson S, Wiberg K (2019) Sources of polychlorinated
dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans to Baltic Sea herring. Chemosphere 218:493–500
Bartalini A, Muñoz-Arnanz J, Marsili L, Mazzariol S, Fossi MC, Jiménez B (2019) Evaluation of
PCDD/Fs, dioxin-like PCBs and PBDEs in sperm whales from the Mediterranean Sea. Sci Total
Environ 653:1417–1425
Boda H, Nghi TN, Nishijo M, Thao PN, Tai PT, Van Luong H, Anh TH, Morikawa Y, Nishino Y,
Nishijo H (2018) Prenatal dioxin exposure estimated from dioxins in breast milk and sex
hormone levels in umbilical cord blood in Vietnamese newborn infants. Sci Total Environ
615:1312–1318
Bruce-Vanderpuije P, Megson D, Jobst K, Jones GR, Reiner E, Sandau CD, Clarke E, Adu-Kumi S,
Gardella JA Jr (2019) Background levels of dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dlPCBs),
polychlorinated, polybrominated and mixed halogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans
(PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs & PXDD/Fs) in sera of pregnant women in Accra, Ghana. Sci Total
Environ 673:631–642
Burns CJ, Collins JJ, Budinsky RA, Bodner K, Wilken M, Rowlands JC, Martin GD, Carson ML
(2008) Factors related to dioxin and furan body levels among Michigan workers. Environ Res
106(2):250–256
Chirollo C, Ceruso M, Pepe T, Vassallo A, Marrone R, Severino L, Anastasio A (2018) Levels and
congeners distribution of dioxins, furans and dioxin-like PCBs in buffaloes adipose tissues
sampled in vivo and milk. CyTA-J Food 16(1):1109–1114
Cockerham LG, Young AL (1983) Ultrastructural comparison of liver tissues from field and
laboratory TCDD-exposed beach mice. In: Human and environmental risks of chlorinated
dioxins and related compounds. Springer, Boston, pp 373–389
Conesa JA, Ortuño N, Abad E, Rivera-Austrui J (2016) Emissions of PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs, dioxin
like-PCBs and PAHs from a cement plant using a long-term monitoring system. Sci Total
Environ 571:435–443
Danjou AMN, Coudon T, Praud D, Lévêque E, Faure E, Salizzoni P, Le Romancer M, Severi G,
Mancini FR, Leffondré K, Dossus L (2019) Long-term airborne dioxin exposure and breast
cancer risk in a case-control study nested within the French E3N prospective cohort. Environ Int
124:236–248
Di Meo GP, Perucatti A, Genualdo V, Caputi-Jambrenghi A, Rasero R, Nebbia C, Iannuzzi L
(2010) Chromosome fragility in dairy cows exposed to dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. Mutagenesis 26(2):269–272
416
J. G. A. Jeno et al.
contaminants to the animals and the environment. Several ways of accomplishing
this are building a modern scientific process to prevent the release of such
contaminants to the outside environment and also biological methods, including
the creation of hybrid organisms such as bacteria, fungi and yeast for the elimination
of such toxic components. Thus, the development of high throughput technologies in
the near future will certainly reduce the effects of such components in the
environment.
Acknowledgements Authors thank Prof. M. Sivanandham, Secretary, SVEHT and SVCE Management for their support and encouragement.
References
Ames J, Warner M, Siracusa C, Signorini S, Brambilla P, Mocarelli P, Eskenazi B (2019) Prenatal
dioxin exposure and neuropsychological functioning in the Seveso Second Generation Health
Study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 222(3):425–433
Assefa A, Tysklind M, Bignert A, Josefsson S, Wiberg K (2019) Sources of polychlorinated
dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans to Baltic Sea herring. Chemosphere 218:493–500
Bartalini A, Muñoz-Arnanz J, Marsili L, Mazzariol S, Fossi MC, Jiménez B (2019) Evaluation of
PCDD/Fs, dioxin-like PCBs and PBDEs in sperm whales from the Mediterranean Sea. Sci Total
Environ 653:1417–1425
Boda H, Nghi TN, Nishijo M, Thao PN, Tai PT, Van Luong H, Anh TH, Morikawa Y, Nishino Y,
Nishijo H (2018) Prenatal dioxin exposure estimated from dioxins in breast milk and sex
hormone levels in umbilical cord blood in Vietnamese newborn infants. Sci Total Environ
615:1312–1318
Bruce-Vanderpuije P, Megson D, Jobst K, Jones GR, Reiner E, Sandau CD, Clarke E, Adu-Kumi S,
Gardella JA Jr (2019) Background levels of dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dlPCBs),
polychlorinated, polybrominated and mixed halogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans
(PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs & PXDD/Fs) in sera of pregnant women in Accra, Ghana. Sci Total
Environ 673:631–642
Burns CJ, Collins JJ, Budinsky RA, Bodner K, Wilken M, Rowlands JC, Martin GD, Carson ML
(2008) Factors related to dioxin and furan body levels among Michigan workers. Environ Res
106(2):250–256
Chirollo C, Ceruso M, Pepe T, Vassallo A, Marrone R, Severino L, Anastasio A (2018) Levels and
congeners distribution of dioxins, furans and dioxin-like PCBs in buffaloes adipose tissues
sampled in vivo and milk. CyTA-J Food 16(1):1109–1114
Cockerham LG, Young AL (1983) Ultrastructural comparison of liver tissues from field and
laboratory TCDD-exposed beach mice. In: Human and environmental risks of chlorinated
dioxins and related compounds. Springer, Boston, pp 373–389
Conesa JA, Ortuño N, Abad E, Rivera-Austrui J (2016) Emissions of PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs, dioxin
like-PCBs and PAHs from a cement plant using a long-term monitoring system. Sci Total
Environ 571:435–443
Danjou AMN, Coudon T, Praud D, Lévêque E, Faure E, Salizzoni P, Le Romancer M, Severi G,
Mancini FR, Leffondré K, Dossus L (2019) Long-term airborne dioxin exposure and breast
cancer risk in a case-control study nested within the French E3N prospective cohort. Environ Int
124:236–248
Di Meo GP, Perucatti A, Genualdo V, Caputi-Jambrenghi A, Rasero R, Nebbia C, Iannuzzi L
(2010) Chromosome fragility in dairy cows exposed to dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. Mutagenesis 26(2):269–272
416
J. G. A. Jeno et al.