Zeolite A was used to modify chitosan, and the resulting product was investigated
for the potential to remove Bezactive Orange 16 from aqueous solution. The
adsorption results are best explained by Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with
q max value of 306 mg g
À1 , and pseudo-second-order kinetics was noted (Nešić et al.
2013). Zeolite-reduced graphene oxide was also tested to remove 2 and 1. Adsorption data suited well to Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with q max values of
over 48 and 53 mg/g for 2 and 1. The system was reported as endothermic (Zhu et al.
2014). Phenol was removed by a cost-effective adsorbent, namely, zeolitic tuff, at
varying temperatures using a batch process. Results were in compliance with
Langmuir adsorption isotherm model showing q max as 34.5, 24.9, 23.8, and
23.3 mg g
À1 at 25, 35, 45, and 55
C with pseudo-second-order kinetics (Yousef
et al. 2011). Benzene carboxylic acid-derivatized graphene oxide zeolite powder
exhibited reasonable adsorption of 9 from aqueous solutions, which was in accordance with Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with q max value of 67.56 mg g
À1
and pseud-second-order kinetics (Yu et al. 2013).
The microwave-assisted synthesis of NaA (clay type) was carried out to remove
1 from aqueous solution with q max value of 65.0 mg g
À1 , following Langmuir
adsorption isotherm. Pseudo-first-order kinetics, spontaneity, and endothermic
nature are observed. Reusability study revealed that NaA would be stable even
after five cycles (Sapawe et al. 2013). Kaolin and zeolite were opted to remove
1 from water. Results well suited to Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevitch isotherm
models with endothermic and non-spontaneous nature (Rida et al. 2013).
Mesoporous zeolite-activated carbon composite was employed for the removal of
1. Results were per Freundlich adsorption isotherm model with pseudo-second-order
kinetics (Khanday et al. 2017). Zeolites synthesized from electrolytic manganese
residue were used to remove 1. Results followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm
model and pseudo-second-order kinetics (Li et al. 2015). In a similar study, NaA
zeolite composites removed 1, 7, and fuchsine. Over 98% of the removal was
achieved, which was close to the predicted values (Shirani et al. 2014). Zeolite tuff
was applied to remove basic blue 41 from water. Results were in accordance with the
Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with pseudo-second-order kinetics, and q max
value of 192.0 mg g
À1 was obtained (Humelnicu et al. 2017). In another study,
zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 removed 5-tolyltriazole and 1H-benzotriazole
from aqueous water. Experimental data was in accordance to Langmuir adsorption
isotherm model with q max values of 298.5 and 396.8 mg g
À1 , respectively, and
pseudo-second-order kinetics was observed (Jiang et al. 2013).
17.2.2 Nanofiltration
For nanofiltration of wastewater, microfiltration membranes with different proportions and size of the zeolite, clay, and polyethylene glycol were optimized. For
removal of 7 and 8, a membrane with 30% of zeolite proportion was selected. A
change in initial and time-filtered solution concentration was observed by
17 Methods for the Treatment of Wastewaters Containing Dyes and Pigments
615
for the potential to remove Bezactive Orange 16 from aqueous solution. The
adsorption results are best explained by Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with
q max value of 306 mg g
À1 , and pseudo-second-order kinetics was noted (Nešić et al.
2013). Zeolite-reduced graphene oxide was also tested to remove 2 and 1. Adsorption data suited well to Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with q max values of
over 48 and 53 mg/g for 2 and 1. The system was reported as endothermic (Zhu et al.
2014). Phenol was removed by a cost-effective adsorbent, namely, zeolitic tuff, at
varying temperatures using a batch process. Results were in compliance with
Langmuir adsorption isotherm model showing q max as 34.5, 24.9, 23.8, and
23.3 mg g
À1 at 25, 35, 45, and 55
C with pseudo-second-order kinetics (Yousef
et al. 2011). Benzene carboxylic acid-derivatized graphene oxide zeolite powder
exhibited reasonable adsorption of 9 from aqueous solutions, which was in accordance with Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with q max value of 67.56 mg g
À1
and pseud-second-order kinetics (Yu et al. 2013).
The microwave-assisted synthesis of NaA (clay type) was carried out to remove
1 from aqueous solution with q max value of 65.0 mg g
À1 , following Langmuir
adsorption isotherm. Pseudo-first-order kinetics, spontaneity, and endothermic
nature are observed. Reusability study revealed that NaA would be stable even
after five cycles (Sapawe et al. 2013). Kaolin and zeolite were opted to remove
1 from water. Results well suited to Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevitch isotherm
models with endothermic and non-spontaneous nature (Rida et al. 2013).
Mesoporous zeolite-activated carbon composite was employed for the removal of
1. Results were per Freundlich adsorption isotherm model with pseudo-second-order
kinetics (Khanday et al. 2017). Zeolites synthesized from electrolytic manganese
residue were used to remove 1. Results followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm
model and pseudo-second-order kinetics (Li et al. 2015). In a similar study, NaA
zeolite composites removed 1, 7, and fuchsine. Over 98% of the removal was
achieved, which was close to the predicted values (Shirani et al. 2014). Zeolite tuff
was applied to remove basic blue 41 from water. Results were in accordance with the
Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with pseudo-second-order kinetics, and q max
value of 192.0 mg g
À1 was obtained (Humelnicu et al. 2017). In another study,
zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 removed 5-tolyltriazole and 1H-benzotriazole
from aqueous water. Experimental data was in accordance to Langmuir adsorption
isotherm model with q max values of 298.5 and 396.8 mg g
À1 , respectively, and
pseudo-second-order kinetics was observed (Jiang et al. 2013).
17.2.2 Nanofiltration
For nanofiltration of wastewater, microfiltration membranes with different proportions and size of the zeolite, clay, and polyethylene glycol were optimized. For
removal of 7 and 8, a membrane with 30% of zeolite proportion was selected. A
change in initial and time-filtered solution concentration was observed by
17 Methods for the Treatment of Wastewaters Containing Dyes and Pigments
615