Chapter 13
Remediation of Organic Pollutants in Water
Gangadharan Dheenadayalan and Rajagopalan Thiruvengadathan
Contents
13.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502
13.2 Sources of Various Organic Pollutants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
13.3 Health Impact of Organic Pollutants on Human . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505
13.4 Common Methods Employed for the Treatment of Organic Pollutants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506
13.4.1 Adsorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507
13.4.2 Photocatalytic Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508
13.4.3 Advanced Oxidation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
13.4.4 Electrochemical Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510
13.4.5 Bioremediation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511
13.5 Perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514
Abstract In the past few decades, there has been an increase in the production of
organic chemicals for their utilization in the fields, such as agriculture, pharma, flame
retardants, and personal care products. Many of them are characterized as pollutants
due their harmful effects on humans and the environment. Even today, adequate
methods are not matured enough to prevent their release from industry into the
environment. This is a serious challenge in front of the global community, and the
responsibility to save the environment and humans from these hazardous chemicals
is enormous. Organic pollutants accumulated into the human body generally lead to
various types of carcinogenic effects. So, it is necessary to understand the flow cycle
G. Dheenadayalan
Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham,
Coimbatore, India
e-mail: d_gangadharan@cb.amrita.edu
R. Thiruvengadathan (*)
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering,
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
e-mail: t_rajagopalan@cb.amrita.edu
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to
Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Inamuddin et al. (eds.), Water Pollution and Remediation: Organic Pollutants,
Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 54,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52395-4_13
501
Remediation of Organic Pollutants in Water
Gangadharan Dheenadayalan and Rajagopalan Thiruvengadathan
Contents
13.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502
13.2 Sources of Various Organic Pollutants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
13.3 Health Impact of Organic Pollutants on Human . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505
13.4 Common Methods Employed for the Treatment of Organic Pollutants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506
13.4.1 Adsorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507
13.4.2 Photocatalytic Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508
13.4.3 Advanced Oxidation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
13.4.4 Electrochemical Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510
13.4.5 Bioremediation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511
13.5 Perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514
Abstract In the past few decades, there has been an increase in the production of
organic chemicals for their utilization in the fields, such as agriculture, pharma, flame
retardants, and personal care products. Many of them are characterized as pollutants
due their harmful effects on humans and the environment. Even today, adequate
methods are not matured enough to prevent their release from industry into the
environment. This is a serious challenge in front of the global community, and the
responsibility to save the environment and humans from these hazardous chemicals
is enormous. Organic pollutants accumulated into the human body generally lead to
various types of carcinogenic effects. So, it is necessary to understand the flow cycle
G. Dheenadayalan
Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham,
Coimbatore, India
e-mail: d_gangadharan@cb.amrita.edu
R. Thiruvengadathan (*)
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering,
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
e-mail: t_rajagopalan@cb.amrita.edu
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to
Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Inamuddin et al. (eds.), Water Pollution and Remediation: Organic Pollutants,
Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 54,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52395-4_13
501